Aluminium Mining Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends & Forecast : 2019

Aluminum represents the second largest metal found in the earth’s crust making it second only to silicon (27.7%). Growing demand for the lightweight metal is propelled majorly by emerging economies such as China that consumes large share of the world’s aluminium production. In the year 2011, China’s automotive industry growth rate increased from 7% to 14%. Europe Union also plans to introduce stringent CO2 emission regulations for automobiles which will inevitably boost high demand for aluminium. Aluminium being lighter than steel is widely used to make cars that are more efficient. Small quantity of aluminium such as (1 Kg) can be used as a substitute for heavier metals in the car industry which reduces gas consumption by 8.5 liters and generates 20 kg less CO2 emissions.

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Metallic aluminum is segmented on the basis of form such as hydrated oxides and silicates. Majorly aluminium is extracted from Bauxite ore. Bauxite is mostly found in the tropics and in some Mediterranean countries. Major mining locations of the bauxite ore in the world are Australia, India, Africa and Latin America. Bauxite is a weathered rock containing two forms of hydrated aluminum oxide such as monohydrate and trihydrate. Apart from these compounds, bauxite ore also contains iron oxide that generally imparts a reddish-brown color. Generally, tropical monohydrate bauxite grades yields 35–55% Al2O3 that is mostly preferred throughout the world.

Globally, primary aluminum is produced by the electrolysis of alumina in molten fluoride salt. The electrolysis is carried out with the help of an aluminum smelter that requires large quantity of electrical energy. The electrolysis cell is a shallow rectangular basin. It consists of steel shell with a fine lining of fireclay brick that is used for insulation purpose, which is further lined with carbon bricks to carry fused salt electrolyte. Steel bars convey electric current with the help of insulating bricks in carbon cathode floor. Carbon anode blocks are hanged on steel rods and are dipped in to the electrolyte. As electric current travels through the electrolyte, it fragments the dissolved alumina into small component such as oxygen gas and metallic aluminum. Oxygen reacts with the carbon anodes and forms bubbles of carbon dioxide gas. Molten aluminum settles at the bottom of the cell because it is denser than the electrolyte. To replace the alumina used in the reaction addition of large quantity of alumina is a mandatory process. In the current scenario computerized devices such as point feeders directly injects the alumina powder.

Therefore, asides from bulk transport facilities ample quantity of electricity is essential. Hydroelectric power is generally inexpensive and is a clean source of energy. Aluminum smelters are majorly produced in countries that has enormous amount of hydroelectric power such as Venezuela, Brazil, Norway and Canada. It is also produced in some countries that have abundant reserves of low-grade coal such as Australia and South Africa. Owing to huge energy consumption, aluminum smelters are major customers that guarantee a stable base load and thereby help to reduce the unit cost from suppliers end. Presently, hydroelectric sources generate electricity for two-thirds of the world aluminum production. Installing, a smelter next to a nuclear power plant is economically attractive for the manufacturers.

Some of the key drivers of the aluminium mining market are growing population and increasing investments. However, high operational cost to extract aluminium can hamper the market’s growth. Modernization in technologies and flexible mining policies brings new opportunities in the aluminium mining market.

Some of the key players in the business of aluminium mining market are United Company RUSAL PLC, Alcoa Inc., Norsk Hydro ASA, Alcan Inc, Chalco Company, BHP Billiton, Dubai Aluminium Ltd., Rio Tinto Group, Aluminium Bahrain B.S.C., and Century Aluminum among others.

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