Forensic Genomics Market Projected to Surge to USD 2.4 Billion by 2035 as NGS, AI/ML Bioinformatics and Portable DNA Devices Transform Criminal Investigations | TMR

The global Forensic Genomics Market is undergoing a period of accelerated transformation and expansion as next-generation sequencing (NGS), advanced PCR workflows, and AI/ML-driven bioinformatics redefine the capabilities of modern forensic investigations. According to the latest industry analysis, the market-valued at US$ 0.5 billion in 2024-is projected to reach approximately US$ 2.4 billion by 2035, expanding at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 14.5% between 2025 and 2035.

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This growth is being powered by converging factors: the growing global incidence of violent and complex crimes, cross-border forensic collaboration, widespread modernization of forensic laboratories, government funding for law-enforcement genomics programs, and the rapid maturation of genomic technologies-particularly NGS, digital PCR, and portable automated systems that enable faster, more accurate DNA profiling even from degraded or mixed samples.

Market dynamics: precision, speed, and scalability reshaping forensic workflows
"Forensic genomics is moving beyond traditional STR profiling into a multi-dimensional platform that integrates high-throughput NGS, targeted SNP/STR sequencing, and AI-assisted interpretation," said a lead industry analyst. "These technologies are not just improving accuracy - they are shortening turnaround times, enabling on-scene triage with portable devices, and expanding the scope of evidence that can be analyzed."

Key market dynamics include:

Technological advancements: The adoption of NGS for forensic SNP and STR sequencing, alongside improvements in digital PCR and capillary electrophoresis, allows labs to profile degraded samples, mixture constituents, and distant kinship relationships that were previously intractable.

Bioinformatics & AI/ML: Sophisticated software platforms and AI-based interpretation tools reduce analyst subjectivity, automate workflows, and accelerate casework processing - a critical factor as caseloads grow.

Consumables-driven revenue: Kits, reagents, and consumables account for the largest product revenue share (about 64.7% in 2024), anchored by recurring usage across collection, extraction, amplification, and sequencing steps.

Policy & standards: Regulatory approvals, national standards for NGS reagents, and accreditation of forensic pipelines are increasing global confidence and enabling broader adoption.

Decentralization and portability: Portable sequencing and sample-to-answer platforms are enabling rapid, in-field triage and disaster victim identification, improving investigative response times and operational efficiency.

Market highlights & snapshot
Market size (2024): US$ 0.5 Bn

Estimated value (2035): US$ 2.4 Bn

Forecast CAGR (2025-2035): 14.5%

Leading region (2024): North America (44.7% market share)

Leading product segment (2024): Kits & Consumables (64.7% share)

Top companies profiled: Illumina, Inc.; Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.; Merck KGaA; Agilent Technologies, Inc.; Promega Corporation; QIAGEN; Bio-Rad Laboratories; LGC Genomics; Tri Tech Forensics; Hamilton Company; Bode Cellmark Forensics; Eurofins Genomics; NicheVision; INNOGENOMICS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC, and others.

Why forensic genomics - and why now?
The accelerating demand for forensic genomics stems from three interlocking global realities:

Rising and complex crime patterns. As cross-jurisdictional crime and sophisticated criminal methods increase, forensic teams require high-resolution genomic data to link evidence, identify individuals, and provide legally defensible results.

Technological maturity. NGS and advanced PCR chemistries have reached levels of throughput, sensitivity, and cost efficiency suitable for routine forensic use. The FBI's and other national agencies' growing acceptance of sequence-based workflows has further validated NGS for casework.

Government investment & standardization. Public sector investments in forensic infrastructure, national DNA databases, and standardized reagent and data nomenclature have reduced adoption risk and created a pathway for large-scale deployment.

For example, national initiatives such as the launch of dedicated genome centers and the publication of NGS reagent quality standards help harmonize methods and accelerate procurement of modern platforms by police and government labs.

Product & method landscape: kits drive revenue while NGS unlocks new use cases
Products: The market is segmented into Analyzers & Sequencers, Kits & Consumables, and Software. Consumables dominate revenue because forensic workflows are consumable-intensive across sample collection, extraction, library preparation, amplification, and sequencing. Innovations such as lyophilized master mixes, multiplex STR kits tolerant to inhibitors, and single-tube library prep solutions are raising throughput while lowering errors.

Methods: Forensic labs continue to employ capillary electrophoresis and PCR amplification for many routine STR analyses, but Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) is rapidly gaining share because it provides sequence-level resolution of STRs and SNPs, supports mixture deconvolution, and delivers more informative kinship markers. NGS is especially valuable in disaster victim identification, cold-case resolution, and complex mixed samples.

Applications: Forensic genomics supports a range of applications including criminal testing, forensic SNP and STR sequencing, disaster victim identification, missing persons investigations, paternity testing, and human trafficking cases. The increasing use of genetic genealogy and investigative genetic genealogy (IGG) methods has expanded investigative leads but also raised ethical, legal, and privacy considerations - creating a need for sound policy frameworks.

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Regional outlook: North America leads; global adoption accelerating
North America (44.7% share in 2024) maintains leadership due to mature forensic systems, large DNA databases, high public funding for law enforcement, and rapid adoption of NGS platforms and bioinformatics tools.

Europe continues to invest in standardized STR marker sets, ENFSI guidance, and regional collaborations for cross-border investigation assistance.

Asia-Pacific is an emerging growth engine as countries invest in forensic modernization, open new forensic genome centers, and adopt NGS and digital PCR workflows. National standards (e.g., quality requirements for NGS reagents and nomenclature for sequence-based STR alleles) are helping to harmonize adoption and build trust.

Latin America and MEA show growing demand for affordable, robust kits and field-deployable solutions to support disaster response and large-scale identification programs.

Competitive landscape & strategic moves
Major market participants are expanding both product portfolios and digital capabilities to address forensic workloads that require speed, sensitivity, and interpretative certainty:

Illumina, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Agilent, Merck KGaA, Promega - these incumbents provide core sequencers, PCR kits, extraction chemistry, and library prep solutions critical to NGS workflows.

QIAGEN, Bio-Rad, LGC Genomics, Eurofins, Tri Tech Forensics - provide specialized kits, validated assay workflows, and forensic testing services or software.

Smaller innovators are developing portable sequencing devices, rugged sample-to-answer platforms, and AI/ML interpretative tools tailored for law-enforcement use.

Recent strategic and product developments highlight the pace of innovation:

May 2025 - QIAGEN acquires Genoox: QIAGEN purchased Genoox, an Israeli AI-powered software provider, to strengthen its "Digital Insights" portfolio by integrating Genoox's Franklin platform for real-time NGS data analysis. The acquisition underscores the critical role of AI-driven interpretation in moving NGS from research into operational forensic casework.

May 2024 - Promega launches PowerPlex® 18E System in Europe: This eight-color STR multiplex kit is designed for degraded or inhibited samples and aligns with ENFSI recommended markers - improving case success rates in challenging forensic specimens.

April 2024 - Merck KGaA introduces Aptegra CHO Genetic Stability Assay: Although aimed at biomanufacturing, this whole-genome sequencing plus bioinformatics assay illustrates the cross-pollination of genomic innovations that benefit forensic genomics workflows by enhancing validation and speed.

Collaborations with law enforcement: QIAGEN's work with the FBI to develop novel digital PCR assays for QIAcuity demonstrates growing public-private collaboration intended to lower barriers to adoption and validate sequencing-based workflows.

Use cases that move the needle
Cold case resolutions: NGS and advanced software can extract genetic profiles from highly degraded evidence, enabling re-examination of cold cases where conventional STRs failed.

Disaster victim identification (DVI): High-throughput NGS techniques and specialized SNP panels allow rapid kinship testing and identification following mass casualty events, improving humanitarian response.

Investigative genetic genealogy & missing persons: Sequencing technologies that produce dense SNP profiles facilitate IGG workflows; however, their use requires careful legal and ethical governance to protect privacy rights.

On-site triage: Portable sequencing and rapid sample-to-answer platforms enable forensic teams to perform initial screening at scenes, reducing sample backlog and focusing lab resources on priority cases.

Standards, ethics, and policy considerations
As forensic genomics becomes more powerful, policymakers, forensic laboratories, and vendors must collaborate to ensure ethical, legal, and technical safeguards:

Standardization: Publication of national and international standards (for NGS reagents, sequence-based STR nomenclature, and data formats) improves interoperability and ensures laboratory credibility.

Privacy & governance: The use of SNP data and genetic genealogy techniques raises privacy issues that require transparent policies, consent frameworks, and limited, audited access to non-forensic reference databases.

Validation & accreditation: Forensic NGS pipelines must be rigorously validated and accredited to withstand courtroom scrutiny; bioinformatics tools need standardized benchmarking datasets.

Training & workforce development: The adoption of advanced genomics and bioinformatics necessitates investment in workforce upskilling and cross-disciplinary training for forensic analysts.

Analyst commentary
"The forensic genomics market sits at the intersection of rapid technology maturation and pressing societal needs for accurate, timely forensic investigations," said a senior market strategist. "Kits and consumables will continue to dominate near-term revenues, but software, AI interpretation tools, and integrated sequencing platforms will drive margin expansion and operational transformation. The key to sustainable growth will be the ability of vendors and governments to implement standardized, ethically governed solutions that reduce time-to-result while preserving legal defensibility."

Risks & challenges
Market growth, while strong, faces several constraints:

Regulatory and legal variability across jurisdictions may delay widespread implementation of novel sequencing methods.

Data privacy concerns and public perception around genetic data usage could lead to stricter controls that affect investigative methods like IGG.

Backlog & capital costs: Many forensic labs face case backlogs but have constrained budgets for capital-intensive sequencers and training.

Interoperability & validation needs: Diverse platforms and software require harmonization and cross-validation to ensure consistent outcomes.

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Forward-looking statements
This press release contains forward-looking statements that reflect industry projections, expected technological trends, and market forecasts. Actual results may differ materially due to macroeconomic conditions, regulatory changes, legal developments regarding genomic data use, and changes in law-enforcement priorities. The forecasted market values and CAGR should be interpreted as informed estimates based on current data and assumptions.

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