Global Cars and Light Trucks LiDAR Market-Shares, Strategies, and forecasts,2017 to 2023

Albany, US, 2017-Sep-01 —Worldwide markets are poised to achieve significant growth as LiDAR sensors for cars and light trucks permit users to implement automated driving.  Fleet vehicles from Uber, Google and similar users are likely to be the early adopter groups, creating vehicles that do package delivery and ride sharing.  Tesla, Mercedes, and Audi are among the vendors with a leadership position in the personal luxury vehicle artificial intelligence LiDAR car markets.  These cars provide performance and cater to individual preference in feature function packages and styling.

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LIDAR stands for light detection and ranging which is remote sensing. LIDAR does not require electromagnetic radiation but it requires laser pulses that strike the object and return back to the sensor.   The laser pulse measures the distance from the sensor to the object by determining the time between the release to reception of the reflected pulse.

3D scanning market and imaging are expected to propel growth.  Major technological developments include emergence of optically extended MEMS scanning mirror for low-altitude and light weight flying platforms.  Long term reliability of number of key laser components drive the LiDAR market.  Key components include optical coatings, optics, and diodes in vacuum and radiation environment of space.  

Every car maker seeks to participate in this Artificial Intelligence (AI) personal vehicle market leveraging LiDAR.   The ability to do so depends on implementing next generation technology that is very expensive to get working.  Vendors ae seeking to work together to set standards and develop shared modules that provide basic functionality.  Cameras, sensors, artificial intelligence software, and LiDAR are among the modules being developed.

Autonomous vehicle technology has the potential to institute major change in personal mobility.  Autonomous cars are the next generation of manual cars, poised to provide thrust for a large replacement market.  Autonomous vehicles are the base for building personal car services, particularly in large cities.  Carmakers and Silicon Valley companies bring different skills to the task of building a Artificial Intelligence (AI) car.  LiDAR is a significant sensor that supports autonomous operations.  Autonomous vehicles transform the personal transport industry.  

Every person who owns a vehicle has a preference on performance.   The Tesla has gained recognition for offering a Artificial Intelligence (AI) vehicle, but it is first and foremost a performance vehicle.  This characteristic will not change as Artificial Intelligence (AI) vehicles come on the market.  People like the customization of features and functions in their car.

This customization aspect of vehicles does not get talked about much, but it is a very important part of the industry.  It will not go away just because cars are run by software.   From auto racing to personal preference, ever car has its own personality and its own comfort.  Performance is part of the package.  Every car maker seeks to participate in this Artificial Intelligence (AI) personal vehicle market with a distinctive offering.  The ability to have unique appear to customers depends on implementing next generation technology in a manner that works effectively and is relatively inexpensive to implement.  

As automated process leveraging LiDAR hits the auto industry as a disruptive force, it parallels the automated piloting of the airline industry that saw significant labor savings implementation.  Automated vehicle driving can be done anywhere just by connecting the car to integrated adaptive cruise control, adaptive steering and braking, and lane assist systems all working off one central processor.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) cars and light trucks incrementally add automated process to driving leveraging the LiDAR sensor.  As software is added to cars and light trucks it is done in concert with modification to the steering, breaking, and other automotive systems.  Autonomous functions for vehicles are increasingly adopted.  

Change is incremental, we do not have fully functioning LiDAR navigated Artificial Intelligence (AI) cars immediately, rather, steering, collision avoidance, parking, test driving, series of camera and radar based monitoring systems, lane assist, and adaptive cruise control are being implemented, presaging rapid adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) cars and light trucks as the various functions mature and work in the real world.

According to Susan Eustis, team leader for the preparation of the study, “The market for LiDAR for cars and light truck vehicles is anticipated to expand in parallel with the deployment of appropriate roadway controls funded by government programs.  The large public investments for Artificial Intelligence (AI) vehicles so far has been for development of technology that works for military purposes.  The extension of this type of automated system to commercial fleet vehicles will be rapid after 2019.”

The Artificial Intelligence (AI) car designs amalgamate a group of features to represent an automated process solution.  These include the hardware, the software middleware, the steering system, adaptive cruise control, numerous software applications, an integrated systems approach, and related services.  Significant investments in research and development are necessary as the emerging Artificial Intelligence (AI) cars and light trucks industry builds on incremental technology roll outs.   

LiDAR for autonomous autos and small trucks /SUVs market at $13 million in 2016 is expected to reach $9.9 billion by 2023.  This is in the context of a $3 trillion market for the autonomous vehicles.  LiDAR represents one sensor in the autonomous navigation system.   It is used to give more reliability than is available from cameras and other sensors and it compliments those capabilities.  Spectacular growth is a result of various moves toward autonomous vehicles that can go across the US by themselves, provide automated navigation,, integrated braking and steering.  Most auto vendors have gone beyond the testing stage to offer vehicles that have strong navigation capability.  

Safety modules are complimented by mapping vehicles that provide navigation.  The Tesla and other vehicles provide driver alerts but fall sort of complete Artificial Intelligence (AI).  

Market driving forces relate primarily to the need for increased safety and personalization for autos.  Car manufacturers are positioning with LiDAR sensors for cars to meet demand at the high end, and in every category of car and light truck.  Many Artificial Intelligence (AI) vehicle car vendors are making automation for personal vehicles and light trucks a reality.  

Companies Profiled

Market Leaders

Pioneer
Valeo
Continental
Velodyne
3DEO
MIT Lincoln Lab
Market Participants

3d Laser Mapping Specialists, Airborne Lidar And Imagery
Avent Lidar Technology
AImotive
Alphabet, Waymo: Google
Google / Intel Target Driverless Cars with LiDAR
Waymo Deal with Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
Alps Electric
Argo AI
Autoliv
Beijing Beike Technology Co., Ltd (isurestar) (China)
BMW
Bosch Group
Continental
Daimler AG/Mercedes-Benz
Delphi Automotive
Denso
DigitalWorld Mapping
Eaton
ECA LiDAR
Faro Technologies
Firmatek Llc
Fiat Chrysler
Ford
Ford Argo AI Artificial Intelligence Company
General Motors
GM Investment in Lyft
Geniarp Group
Geniarp Group / Mosaic 3d
Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. (GSSI)
GMR Group / Geokno India Pvt. Ltd. (India)
Harris
Here
Honda
Hyundai
Infineon Technologies AG
Intel Corporation
Intel Buys Mobileye
Intermap Technologies
Knorr-Bremse Group
Mesa LiDAR
MIT Lincoln Lab
MIT Agreement with Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. (GSSI)
Mitsubishi
Nissan
NVIDIA
NXP
Pix4D
Pioneer
Qualcomm
Quantum Spatial
(Aerometric, Inc.) (U.S.)
Renishaw Plc
Riegl Laser Measurement Systems GmbH (Austria)
Riegl USA
Scanese
Siemens and Infineon LiDAR
Softbank
Softbank Arm
Softbank Personal Brain “IBM Watson”
Tesla
Toyota / Lexus
Uber
Valeo
Valeo Acquisition of FTE
Vecna Technologies
Velodyne LIDAR Sensor
Volkswagen
Porsche SE
Volkswagen / Audi
Volvo
Visteon
YellowScan (France)
ZF
ZTE
Key Topics

Auto Artificial Intelligence
Automotive
Automated driving
Automated vehicles
Autonomous vehicles
in-vehicle compute, Infiniti, Internet of things
AI machine learning
Mobileye
Robot Cars and Trucks
Robot steering
Robot braking
Robot automotive systems
Autonomous functions for vehicles
Collision avoidance
Automated parking
Robot Parking
Robot test driving
Car cameras
Car LiDAR
Car radar
Truck follow me systems
Radar based monitoring systems
Lane assist
Adaptive cruise control

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Table of Contents

LiDAR Cars and Light Trucks Executive Summary 37
LiDAR Car and Light Truck Market Driving Forces 37
LiDAR Cars, Light Trucks, SUVs 40
LiDAR Cars / Connected Cars / Transportation 40
LiDAR Car and Light Truck Market Shares 44
LiDAR for Car and Light Truck Market Forecasts 46

LiDAR for Cars and Light Trucks Market Definition and Market Dynamics 50
1.1 Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) 50
1.2 LiDAR in Cars 52
1.1.1 Airplanes Utilize Radar to Land Themselves 54
1.3 Advanced Technology 57
1.3.1 LiDAR Adaptive Cruise Control 58
1.3.2 Automatic Braking Technologies 60
1.3.3 Automatic Brakes 61
1.3.4 Driver-Assist Technologies 62
1.3.5 Ford TAP Auto Control System 62
1.4 Car Self-Driving Enabling Technologies 65
1.4.1 Sensor Processing 65
1.4.2 Advanced Autonomous Car Software 68
1.4.3 Autonomous Vehicle Software Areas That Need Improvement 69
1.4.4 Collision Detection Machine Vision 70
1.5 LiDAR Car and Truck Challenges 75
1.5.1 Electric Car Ownership Stimulates Customized Speeds and Performance in Autonomous Cars 79
LiDAR in Personal Vehicles Market Shares and Market Forecasts 81
2.1 LiDAR Car and Light Truck Market Driving Forces 81
2.1.1 LiDAR Cars, Light Trucks, SUVs 84
2.1.2 LiDAR Cars / Connected Cars / Transportation 84
2.2 LiDAR Car and Light Truck Market Shares 88
2.2.1 Valeo 94
2.2.2 Continental AG 95
2.2.3 Velodyne LIDAR sensor 95
2.2.4 ZF Friedrichshafen Partner Ibeo Automotive Systems 96
2.2.5 Pioneer LiDAR 96
2.2.6 Companies in The Tech Industries Building Auto LiDAR Processors 97
2.2.7 Intel 97
2.2.8 Companies in The Automobile Industries Investing in LiDAR Vehicles 103
2.2.9 Adaptive Cruise Control 110
2.2.10 Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS) Safety-Enhancing Systems 118
2.2.11 First Fully Autonomous Volkswagen Audi Expected by 2017 118
2.2.12 Alphabet, Waymo: Google 118
2.2.13 BMW 119
2.2.14 BMW And Intel To Bring A Fleet Of AI Cars To The Road By The End Of 2017 120
2.2.15 BMW and MIT 121
2.2.16 Daimler AG / Mercedes-Benz Self Driving Car 121
2.2.17 Mercedes AI 122
2.2.18 Volvo 123
2.2.19 Volvo AI Cars on Swedish roads 123
2.2.20 Tesla Autonomous Driving 124
2.2.21 Selected Company Investment or Planned Investment in Autonomous Vehicle Technology 124
2.3 LiDAR for Car and Light Truck Market Forecasts 126
2.3.1 Artificial Intelligence Integrated Software Systems Auto Market 132
2.3.2 Artificial Intelligence Integrated Circuit, Sensor, and Component Systems Auto Market 135
2.3.3 Examples of Sensors Used in Autonomous Vehicles 136
2.3.4 Auto Processors 139
Auto Processor 139
2.3.5 Autonomous Vehicle Car Forecasts 141
2.3.6 Autonomous Car and Autonomous Light Truck / SUV Shipments and Installed Base 148
2.3.7 LiDAR Car Unit Analysis and Forecasts 153
2.3.8 LiDAR Trucks 157
2.3.9 European Truck Platooning 158
2.3.10 Autonomous Trucking Platooning Functions 159
2.3.11 LiDAR Truck Cost 161
2.4 LiDAR Car and Light Truck Prices 163
2.5 LiDAR Car and Truck Regional Market Segments 164
2.5.1 US 166
2.5.2 China 167
2.5.3 Valeo in China 170
2.5.4 India 170
2.5.5 Wabco LiDAR Regional Participation 171
2.5.6 Ford North America 173
2.5.7 LiDAR Car Regional Analysis 174
2.5.8 Japan's Leaders Want To Make Tokyo A LiDAR City For 2020 Olympics 174
2.5.9 Autonomous Vehicle Market Forecasts By Region 176
2.5.10 Self-Driving Military Vehicle Regional Market Segments, Dollars 177
LiDAR Cars and Trucks Product Description 179
3.1 Selected LiDAR Companies 179
3.2 MIT Lincoln Lab 180
3.2.1 MIT Lincoln Lab Has The Best LiDAR in the World 180
3.2.2 MIT Lincoln Laboratory Understands the LiDAR Technology It Provides 180
3.2.3 MIT Lincoln Lab Single-Photon-Sensitive Imagers 182
3.2.4 MIT Agreement with Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. (GSSI) on LiDAR 182
3.2.5 How the MIT Lincoln Labs LiDAR System Works 184
3.2.6 MIT LiDAR 189
3.2.7 MIT Lincoln Laboratory Localizing Ground-Penetrating Radar 190
3.2.8 MIT Lincoln Labs LGPR's Main Component 192
3.2.9 Self-Driving Cars Utilize Ground-Penetrating Radar 193
3.2.10 MIT Lincoln Laboratory- Microchip Laser Geiger-Mode Avalanche-Photodiode Detector (Gmapd) Array For Single Photon Counting And Ranging 194
3.2.11 Geiger-Mode Imager: Single-Photon Detection & Timing 194
3.3 3DEO 196
3.3.1 3DEO Lidar 198
3.4 Continental AG 198
3.4.1 Continental AG Multipurpose Processing Platform 199
3.5 Valeo SA 202
3.5.1 Valeo Technologically Innovative SCALA 202
3.5.2 Valeo Low-Cost Solid-State LiDAR 204
3.5.3 Valeo to Supply LiDAR for Audi A8 in 2019 205
3.6 LeddarTech LiDAR Technology 205
3.7 Velodyne LiDAR Sensor 207
3.7.1 Land Rover LiDAR Technology for Driverless Cars 207
3.8 Leica Geosystems Ag 208
3.9 ZF Friedrichshafen and Partner Ibeo for Automotive Systems 211
3.10 Vecna Technologies 211
3.11 Garmin LiDAR-Lite v3 211
3.12 Scanse 215
3.13 Nvidia 217
3.14 Pioneer 220
3.15 Tesla Model S 224
3.15.1 Tesla Motors Computer-Assisted Mode Car Involved in Fatal Crash while Driving Autonomously 225
3.15.2 Tesla Autopilot 227
3.15.3 Tesla AI Autopilot Parking 228
3.16 Velodyne LiDAR Used by Alphabet Waymo Self Driving Car 229
3.16.1 Waymo AI Takes Over Driving 230
3.17 Apple 230
3.17.1 Apple Testing LiDAR Auto-Pilot 231
3.17.2 Apple Self-Driving Car Testing 232
3.18 Amazon 233
3.19 Toyota 235
3.19.1 Toyota Lexus Adaptive Cruise Control 236
3.20 Volkswagon / Audi / Porsche 238
3.20.1 Valeo LiDAR on First Fully Autonomous Audi Comes in 2017 240
3.20.2 Audi Driverless Car Travels 550 Miles from San Francisco to Las Vegas 241
3.20.3 Volkswagen 243
3.21 Softbank 243
3.21.1 Denso, a Leading Global Supplier Of Advanced Automotive Technology 245
3.21.2 Softbank Arm Processor Has Protections Against Random Errors 245
3.21.3 SoftBank CEO Masayoshi Son Sees 1 Trillion Devices for Internet of Things 246
3.21.4 SoftBank Sees Massive MIMO as Key Part of Its 5G Project 248
3.22 Intel AI Sensor Processor 248
3.23 Intel / Mobileye 250
3.24 Ford Using Velodyne LiDAR in Self Driving Car 250
3.25 Chinese Search Giant Baidu along with Ford Invests in Self-Driving Technology with $150 million in Velodyne 253
3.26 Daimler / Mercedes 254
3.26.1 Daimler Luminar 255
3.26.2 Daimler Working on Autonomous Vehicle Mapping with HERE 255
3.26.3 Mercedes Vehicle to Vehicle Communication 256
3.26.4 Mercedes Lets The Human Do The Thinking And Leaves The Driving To The Computer 257
3.26.5 Mercedes Self Driving Car Interior 259
3.26.6 Mercedes-Benz F 015 262
3.26.7 Mercedes-Benz Leads In Concept Cars: Safety Leads the Research 268
3.26.8 Daimler LiDAR Truck 269
3.27 Bosch and Daimler / Mercedes-Benz 270
3.28 Nissan 271
3.28.1 Nissan and NASA To Build Zero-Emission Driverless Car 275
3.28.2 Nissan EPORO LiDAR Car 276
3.29 / GM / Cadillac 277
3.29.1 GM Self Driving Cadillac 278
3.29.2 GM Safety Technology 280
3.29.3 Buick LaCrosse 282
3.29.4 GM Short-Range Communications Allows GM Cars To Use Alps Electric Radar Effectively 283
3.30 Volvo 289
3.30.1 Volvo's LiDAR Technology Struggling to Identify Kangaroos In The Road 291
3.30.2 Volvo's Self-Parking, Driverless Car 292
3.30.3 Volvo Mobile App of the iPhone "Park Now" Button 296
3.31 BMW 298
3.31.1 BMW Partially Automated Driving Functions 302
3.31.2 BMW Autonomous Car Safety Features 303
3.31.3 BMW Performance Limits Of Its Driverless Car 303
3.31.4 BMW's Driverless Cars in China 306
3.32 Subaru Adaptive Cruise Control 308
3.33 Honda 310
3.33.1 Honda LiDAR Car in Detroit 315
3.34 Hyundai Genesis Smart Cruise Control 317
3.35 Tata Motors Limited / Jaguar Adaptive Cruise Control 323
3.35.1 Driverless Cars Shaped by Land Rover Technology 324
3.35.2 Velodyne LIDAR sensor 325
3.35.3 Jaguar Driverless Cars 325
3.35.4 Tata Motors Limited / Jaguar / Land Rover 326
3.35.5 Land Rover Smart Driver Assistance Technologies 328
3.35.6 Land Rover Reverse Traffic Detection 329
3.35.7 Land Rover Electric Power-Assisted Steering with Park Assist 331
3.35.8 Land Rover Powerful Braking With Lightweight Brembo Calipers 332
3.35.9 Land Rover Enhanced Active Safety Technologies 334
3.35.10 Driverless Cars Shaped by Land Rover Technology 337
3.36 Chrysler 300 SRT8 340
3.36.1 Chrysler Technology Recognizes When Things Slow Down 341
3.37 Texas Instruments Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) 341
3.37.1 Texas Instrument Camera Capability for ADAS 343
3.37.2 TI ADAS Radar Support 345
3.37.3 TI ADAS Ultrasound Support 346
3.37.4 TI ADAS Full System Portfolio 347
LiDAR Cars and Light Trucks Technology 348
4.1 High Resolution Digital Cameras 348
4.2 Vehicle To Vehicle Communication (V2V) Safety 348
4.2.1 Euro NCAP’s Rating Scheme 351
4.2.2 In the US, Rear-Visibility Requirements 351
4.3 IoT Standards Ecosystem Growth 351
4.3.1 Unified Communication Standards 352
4.4 Standards 353
4.4.1 SAE International 353
4.4.2 U.S. Department of Transportation 353
4.4.3 European Union and European Commission LiDAR Standards 354
4.5 Self-Driving Car Test Facility in UK 354
Continued….
List of Chart

Figure 1. Sensor and Computing Configurations for Cars Driving Themselves 39
Figure 2. LiDAR Cars and Trucks Market Driving Forces 42
Figure 3. Autonomous Vehicle Safety Features Used in LiDAR Cars 43
Figure 4. LiDAR for Self-Driving Cars and Light Trucks, 2016 45
Figure 5. LiDAR Key Components 47
Figure 6. LiDAR for Autonomous Car and Autonomous Light Truck / SUV Shipments Forecasts Dollars, Worldwide, 2017-2023 49
Figure 7. Short Range LiDAR Mapping Benefits For Autonomous Vehicles 51
Figure 8. Daimler E-Class is World’s First Production Car To Be Issued A Test License For Autonomous Driving 55
Figure 9. Ford Auto Control System 64
Figure 10. Autonomous Vehicle Integration Software Components 66
Figure 11. Advanced Autonomous Car Software Features 68
Figure 12. Collision Detection Machine Vision System For Law Enforcement 70
Figure 13. Collision Detection Machine Vision System Components Features for Law Enforcement 71
Figure 14. Intel Mobileye Law Enforcement Agency Clients: 74
Figure 15. LiDAR Car and Truck Challenges 75
Figure 16. LiDAR Car and Truck Mapping and Navigation Challenges 76
Figure 17. Challenges Met and Upon Encountering Need The Driver To Take Over 77
Figure 18. LiDAR Car and Truck Human Factors 78
Figure 19. Sensor and Computing Configurations for Cars Driving Themselves 83
Figure 20. LiDAR Cars and Trucks Market Driving Forces 86
Figure 21. Autonomous Vehicle Safety Features Used in LiDAR Cars 87
Figure 22. LiDAR for Self-Driving Cars and Light Trucks, 2016 89
Figure 23. LiDAR for Autonomous Vehicles, 2016 90
Figure 24. Valeo Scala LiDAR 94
Figure 25. Artificial Intelligence IC and Component Auto and ADAS Module Market Shares, Dollars, Worldwide, 2016 99
Figure 26. Artificial Intelligence IC and Component Auto and ADAS Module Market Shares, Dollars, Worldwide, 2016 100
Figure 28. LiDAR Cars and Light Trucks on the Road, Worldwide, 2016 Chart 104
Figure 29. LiDAR Cars and Light Trucks on the Road, Worldwide, 2016 105
Figure 30. LiDAR Car Level 2 Autonomous Vehicle Market Shares, Number of Vehicles on Road, Worldwide, 2016 and 2017 106
Figure 31. List of Cars with Collision Avoidance Features 111
Figure 32. Collision Avoidance Systems Market Shares, Units, Installed Worldwide, 2016 112
Figure 33. Selected Leaders in Development of AI Cars and Trucks 113
Figure 34. Selected Large Company AI Car Partnerships 114
Figure 35. Large Company Self-Driving Car Acquisitions 115
Figure 36. Large Company AI Car Leveraging IoT 116
Figure 37. Mobileye Intel Automotive Market Access Features 117
Figure 38. Mercedes Intelligent Drive Level 2 Autonomous Car 122
Figure 39. Selected Company Investment or Planned Investment in Autonomous Vehicle Technology, Market Shares Dollars, Worldwide, 2017 to 2027 125
Figure 40. LiDAR Key Components 127
Figure 41. LiDAR for Autonomous Car and Autonomous Light Truck / SUV Shipments Forecasts Dollars, Worldwide, 2017-2023 129
Figure 42. LiDAR for Autos and Light Trucks / SUVs Market, Dollars, Shipments, Worldwide, 2017-2023 130
Figure 43. LiDAR for Autos and Light Trucks / SUVs Market, Unit Shipments, Worldwide, 2017-2023 130
Figure 44. LiDAR for Autos and Light Trucks / SUVs Market, Markets for Autonomous Vehicles, Units and Dollars, Shipments, Worldwide, 2017-2023 131
Figure 45. Challenges in the LiDAR market 132
Figure 46. Artificial Intelligence Integrated Software Systems Auto Market Units and Dollars, Shipments, Worldwide, 2017-2023 134
Figure 47. Artificial Intelligence Integrated Circuit, Sensor, and Component Systems Auto Market, Units and Dollars, Shipments, Worldwide, 2017-2023 135
Figure 48. Examples of Sensors Used in Autonomous Vehicles 136
Figure 49. Typical Auto Sensor 138
Figure 50. Autonomous Car and Light Truck / SUV Market Forecasts, Units, Worldwide, 2017-2023 142

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