Press release
Antibody-Mediated Rejection (AMR) Market is projected to reach USD 2.48 billion by 2034
Antibody-Mediated Rejection
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AMR remains one of the leading causes of graft dysfunction and long-term transplant failure, particularly in kidney, heart, and lung transplants. Continuous innovation in biologics, complement inhibitors, immune adsorption technologies, and precision diagnostics is reshaping the treatment landscape.
Key Market Highlights
• 2024 Market Size: USD 1.27 billion
• 2034 Forecast: USD 2.48 billion
• CAGR (2025-2034): 6.9%
• Largest Segment: Kidney transplant-related AMR
• Fastest-Growing Segment: Complement pathway inhibitors & novel biologics
Epidemiology & Clinical Insights
1. Core Disease Burden
• AMR affects 10-30% of kidney transplant recipients at some point post-transplant.
• Rates are also significant in heart and lung transplants.
• Chronic AMR is a primary cause of late graft loss.
2. Pathophysiology
AMR results from:
• Formation of donor-specific antibodies (HLA / non-HLA)
• Complement activation (C1q, C4d deposition)
• Endothelial inflammation (capillaritis)
• Cellular infiltration
3. Clinical Classification
• Acute AMR - occurs days to months post-transplant
• Chronic AMR - progressive, long-term graft deterioration
• Refractory AMR - persistent despite standard therapy
4. Key Diagnostic Tools
• DSA detection (Luminex assays)
• C4d immunostaining
• Biopsy (gene expression panels emerging)
• eGFR decline & imaging
Market Growth Drivers
1. Rising Global Transplantation Rates
Kidney, liver, heart, and lung transplants increasing due to improved surgical and preservation methods.
2. Advancements in Immunotherapy
Biologic agents targeting B cells, plasma cells, and complement pathways drive therapeutic progress.
3. Increasing Use of Precision Diagnostics
NGS-based HLA typing, DSA quantification, and molecular pathology enhance early AMR detection.
4. Higher Awareness of Chronic AMR
More centers now screen regularly for latent rejection markers.
5. Growth of High-Risk Transplant Populations
Sensitized patients (PRA+, multi-transfused, prior transplant) contribute to AMR incidence.
Market Restraints
• High cost of biologics
• Limited long-term efficacy of some agents
• Need for highly specialized transplant centers
• Small patient population limits large-scale trials
Market Opportunities
1. Next-Generation Complement Inhibitors
C1 esterase inhibitors, C3 inhibitors, and C5 blockers show promising survival benefits.
2. Novel B-Cell & Plasma Cell-Targeted Agents
Agents such as anti-CD38 antibodies (daratumumab-like) are entering late-stage studies.
3. Precision Transplant Medicine
Gene-expression profiling, AI-based graft monitoring, and non-invasive biomarkers.
4. Immune Adsorption & Cell Therapy
Innovative approaches for rapid DSA removal and immune tolerance induction.
5. Expansion of Paired Kidney Exchange Programs
Increasing transplant numbers expands the AMR therapeutics market.
Segmentation Overview
By Transplant Type
• Kidney
• Heart
• Lung
• Liver
• Multi-organ
By Treatment Modality
• Plasmapheresis
• Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
• Rituximab (anti-CD20)
• Bortezomib / Carfilzomib (proteasome inhibitors)
• Complement inhibitors
• Anti-CD38 therapies (emerging)
• Corticosteroids
• Immune adsorption
By Diagnostic Method
• DSA testing
• Biopsy
• C4d staining
• Molecular diagnostics
By End User
• Transplant centers
• Hospitals
• Research institutes
Explore Full Report here: https://exactitudeconsultancy.com/reports/70911/antibody-mediated-rejection-market
Regional Insights
North America - Largest Market
High transplant frequency, strong reimbursement, and broad access to advanced immunotherapies.
Europe - Strong Adoption of Molecular Diagnostics
Germany, UK, France, and Italy lead in precision transplant immunology.
Asia Pacific - Fastest Growing
Large CKD burden, rising transplant volumes, and expanding tertiary care infrastructure.
Latin America - Developing
Improving organ donation programs and public health support.
Middle East & Africa - Emerging
Specialized transplant networks expanding in Gulf countries.
Competitive Landscape
Major companies active in AMR therapeutics include:
• Alexion Pharmaceuticals (AstraZeneca) - Complement inhibitors
• Takeda Pharmaceutical - Immunoglobulin therapies
• CSL Behring - C1 esterase inhibitors
• Novartis
• Roche
• Pfizer
• Sanofi
• Johnson & Johnson - Plasma cell targeting agents
• Grifols - Plasma exchange and IVIG solutions
Broad areas of R&D focus include complement blockade, B-cell depletion, plasma cell inhibition, and immune tolerance induction.
Recent Market Developments
• Promising Phase II/III data for C1 and C5 complement inhibitors
• Expansion of anti-CD38 therapy trials for refractory AMR
• Integration of AI-based graft monitoring tools in leading transplant centers
• Increasing use of molecular biopsy platforms (e.g., donor-derived cell-free DNA)
• Broader guideline updates emphasizing combination immunotherapy
Future Outlook (2025-2034)
The AMR Market will expand steadily as:
• Complement inhibitors become central to therapy
• Personalized transplant immunology advances
• Global transplant volume increases
• Emerging biologics address refractory AMR
By 2034, the market is expected to reach USD 2.48 billion, driven by innovation in immunologic therapies and expanded global access to transplant care.
This report is also available in the following languages : Japanese (抗体介在性拒絶反応), Korean (항체 매개성 거부반응), Chinese (抗体介导的排斥反应), French (Rejet à médiation anticorps), German (Antikörpervermittelte Abstoßung), and Italian (Rigetto mediato da anticorpi), etc.
Request for a sample of this research report at (Use Corporate Mail ID for Quick Response) @
https://exactitudeconsultancy.com/request-sample/70911
Our More Reports:
Antibody Discovery Market
https://exactitudeconsultancy.com/reports/73147/antibody-discovery-market
Non-Antibody Protein Scaffolds Market
https://exactitudeconsultancy.com/reports/73156/non-antibody-protein-scaffolds-market
Antibody Humanization Market
https://exactitudeconsultancy.com/reports/73159/antibody-humanization-market
Single Use Downstream Bioprocessing Market
https://exactitudeconsultancy.com/reports/73523/single-use-downstream-bioprocessing-marke
About Us
Exactitude Consultancy is a market research & consulting services firm which helps its client to address their most pressing strategic and business challenges. Our market research helps clients to address critical business challenges and also helps make optimized business decisions with our fact-based research insights, market intelligence, and accurate data.
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