Smart drainage water quality monitoring Application of water quality sensors

With the acceleration of urbanization, the scale of urban drainage systems continues to expand, and the impact of their stable operation and water quality safety on urban sustainable development has become increasingly obvious. As a key link in urban water environment management, smart drainage water quality monitoring is gradually being integrated into the urban infrastructure construction and operation management system. The sensor method, with its advantages in temporal resolution and spatial coverage, has become a key technical means for smart drainage water quality monitoring, providing a data basis for the refined management of urban drainage systems.

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The importance of sensor method in smart drainage water quality monitoring

Traditional water quality monitoring methods, such as manual sampling and laboratory analysis, are limited by sampling frequency and analysis cycle and cannot capture dynamic changes in water quality in a timely manner. In urban drainage systems, rapid changes in water quality may cause problems such as pipe network corrosion and abnormal operation of sewage treatment plants. The sensor method can continuously monitor water quality parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH-N), etc. at time intervals of minutes or even seconds, providing real-time data for urban drainage management departments, enabling them to respond quickly in the early stages of water quality abnormalities and take regulatory measures to ensure the stable operation of the drainage system and the safety of the water environment.

Working principle and characteristics of immersion water quality monitoring equipment

Based on the principle of in-situ monitoring, the immersion water quality monitoring equipment integrates multi-parameter sensors in a waterproof housing and directly puts them into the water. Taking the pH sensor as an example, its working principle is based on the fact that the potential difference between the glass electrode and the reference electrode changes with the change of the hydrogen ion concentration in the water body, and the potential signal is converted into the pH value through the Nernst equation. Dissolved oxygen sensors mostly use polarography or fluorescence to determine the dissolved oxygen content by using the reduction reaction of oxygen molecules on the electrode surface or the quenching effect on fluorescent substances. These sensors transmit the monitoring data to the data acquisition terminal in real time through data transmission modules such as RS485, 4G wireless, etc. Due to direct contact with the water body, the immersion equipment can respond quickly to changes in water quality, and its response time is usually from seconds to minutes, which effectively improves the timeliness of monitoring.

Working process and advantages of shore station water quality monitoring equipment

The water quality monitoring equipment at the shore station uses a water pump to extract water samples into the station. After pretreatment, the water samples enter the circulation pool, where they flow through various sensors at a certain flow rate for analysis. The pretreatment process includes filtration, adjustment of water temperature, pH value, etc., to meet the working conditions of the sensor and reduce the interference of water sample impurities on the monitoring results. Compared with input equipment, the shore station can be equipped with more complex analytical instruments, such as atomic absorption spectrometers, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, etc., to achieve accurate analysis of trace substances such as heavy metals and organic pollutants. At the same time, the accuracy and repeatability of monitoring data can be effectively improved through pretreatment and post-treatment of water samples.

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Future development trend of smart drainage water quality monitoring

With the continuous progress of sensor technology, communication technology and data analysis technology, smart drainage water quality monitoring will show a development trend of intelligence, miniaturization and multifunctionality. In terms of intelligence, a large amount of historical data is analyzed through machine learning algorithms to establish a water quality prediction model, predict the trend of water quality changes, and realize the early warning function. In terms of miniaturization, the application of nanotechnology and micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) technology will make the sensor smaller and lower in power consumption, making it easier to deploy in complex environments. In terms of multifunctionality, new sensors will realize the simultaneous monitoring of multiple pollutants, such as integrated sensors that can simultaneously detect multiple heavy metal ions, organic pollutants and microorganisms. In addition, the deep integration of big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence technologies will further enhance the processing capacity and analysis accuracy of water quality monitoring data, and provide stronger technical support for the intelligent management of urban drainage systems.

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