Clearing the Air: The Importance and Function of Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Systems Market

Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) systems are a vital technology used in power plants and industrial facilities to reduce the emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and other harmful pollutants from flue gas. In this blog, we will provide an overview of FGD systems, including their importance, how they work, and their different types.

flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems market size was valued at $17,869.1 million in 2018, and is projected to reach $25,063.8 million in 2026, growing at a CAGR of 4.1%.

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Importance of Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems

Sulfur dioxide emissions are a significant contributor to air pollution and have been linked to respiratory illnesses, acid rain, and environmental damage. To reduce the environmental impact of industrial activities and comply with environmental regulations, FGD systems have become a critical component of power plant and industrial operations.

FGD systems help to reduce the emissions of sulfur dioxide by removing the sulfur from flue gas before it is released into the atmosphere. By reducing emissions, FGD systems help to improve air quality, protect the environment, and promote sustainable industrial practices.

How Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems Work

FGD systems work by removing sulfur dioxide from flue gas through a series of chemical reactions. The process typically involves four main steps:

Absorption: The flue gas is directed into a scrubber, where it comes into contact with a liquid absorbent, usually limestone or lime slurry. The sulfur dioxide in the flue gas reacts with the absorbent, forming calcium sulfite or calcium sulfate.

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Oxidation: The calcium sulfite or calcium sulfate is then oxidized to form calcium sulfate dihydrate, also known as gypsum. This reaction is typically achieved through the injection of oxygen or air into the scrubber.

Separation: The gypsum slurry is separated from the flue gas in a settling tank or centrifuge. The separated gypsum is then dewatered, while the water is recycled back into the scrubber.

Disposal: The gypsum can be used as a construction material, such as in the production of drywall, or it can be disposed of in a landfill.

Different Types of Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems

There are several different types of FGD systems, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Here are the most common types:

Wet FGD Systems: Wet FGD systems are the most commonly used type of FGD system. They use a liquid absorbent to remove sulfur dioxide from flue gas. Wet FGD systems are highly efficient, capable of removing up to 99% of sulfur dioxide emissions. However, they require a large amount of water and can be expensive to operate.

Dry FGD Systems: Dry FGD systems use a dry sorbent, such as hydrated lime or sodium bicarbonate, to remove sulfur dioxide from flue gas. Dry FGD systems are less efficient than wet FGD systems, typically only removing up to 90% of sulfur dioxide emissions. However, they require less water and can be more cost-effective to operate.

Semi-Dry FGD Systems: Semi-dry FGD systems use a mixture of dry and wet processes to remove sulfur dioxide from flue gas. They typically use a dry sorbent to remove most of the sulfur dioxide, followed by a wet scrubber to remove any remaining sulfur dioxide. Semi-dry FGD systems are more efficient than dry FGD systems but require more water than dry FGD systems.

Spray Dryer FGD Systems: Spray dryer FGD systems use a spray dryer to atomize a slurry of absorbent and water into a fine mist. The mist is then injected into the flue gas, where the absorbent reacts with sulfur dioxide to form a dry powder. Spray dryer FGD systems are highly efficient and require less water than wet FGD systems

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Competitive Analysis

Competitive analysis and profiles of the major flue gas desulfurization systems market players, such as Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd (MHPS), Inc., Babcock & Wilcox Enterprises, Inc., GEA Group Aktiengesellschaft, HAMON Group, Thermax Ltd., GE Power, and others are provided in this report. The key strategies adopted by these players from 2017 to 2019 were acquisition and business expansion.

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