USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN OVERCOMING NATURAL DISASTERS

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Judging from its geographical location and regional characteristics, Indonesia has many advantages. Especially in the economic field by optimizing the utilization of existing natural resources. But on the other hand, Indonesia, which has thousands of islands, turns out to have many disadvantages, one of which can be felt from the impact of the geographical characteristics of our homeland is that Indonesia is prone to natural disasters. Dozens of volcanoes in Indonesia spread over the islands of Java and Sumatra, the Asian and Australian plates in the south of the island of Java, the plates in the west of the island of Sumatra and the low land north of Java are a series of characteristics that have the potential to cause disasters. The eruption of Mount Krakatau in 1883, the Aceh Tsunami in 2004, the Yogyakarta Earthquake, and even in 2010, Indonesia was rocked by the Flash Flood in Wasior, West Papua, the Tsunami in Mentawai, and the eruption of Mount Merapi in Yogyakarta and its surroundings.

The occurrence of natural disasters in our country cannot be prevented, but the community can minimize losses due to disasters, both material losses and loss of life. This is where Information Technology plays an important role in overcoming and even providing early warning before a disaster occurs. An early warning system in dealing with disasters is very important, considering that geologically and climatologically Indonesia's territory is a natural disaster-prone area. The ultimate goal of this early warning is that people can live and work safely in an area and the arrangement of an area. In addition, mapping is also the role of the use of IT in natural disaster management. Natural phenomena can also be known from the ongoing trend. Patterns that occur in the span of several years. Information technology can help map this out.

Some experiences of using Information Technology in facilitating disaster management in Indonesia itself when the Tsunami hit Nangroe Aceh Darussalam and North Sumatra where at that time the entire communication network was cut off, but the volunteers and victims could not understand how to optimize the internet as a communication line to report and inform the existing conditions. at that time to the outside world as well as to their relatives. Through blogs and websites, email, chat and others, they use the internet. The impact was that aid from within and outside the country was quickly distributed and volunteers continued to arrive to help evacuate the bodies of the victims who died as a result of the disaster.

Natural disasters are quite complicated problems if handled manually. Many of the current disaster management procedures are ineffective or even misdirected, all of which are due to late information, especially inaccurate. With the current Information Technology is very helpful in the decision-making process when a disaster will occur. Information Technology cannot prevent disasters as a whole, but with Information Technology we can minimize all forms of loss, loss of life, and provide effective and efficient actions, even minimizing the impact of the disaster.

In providing information, this is the main task of the internet as a new medium. However, that's not all. Internet technology apparently has another function, namely raising funds for disaster victims. The tsunami in Aceh in 2004 proved that the internet not only has an informative function, but can also be a place to raise funds. One of the sites that managed to raise the most funds at that time was amazon.com, a retail site that successfully collected fifty thousand philanthropists with revenues of more than 32.6 billion which were then channeled through the Red Cross organization in the United States. In addition, the AirPutih team, an IT community who managed to collect assistance through the website, then distributed them in the form of telecommunication tools, computers and so on as a tool to communicate with the outside world. More than that, it turns out that the development of information technology can also find out the condition of victims and look for people who have disappeared due to disasters. Like the BBC website, which is looking for a Dutch citizen who was one of the victims of the Tsunami in southern Thailand. Mediacenter Airputih also took advantage of the same thing and succeeded in helping one of the Malaysians who was also a victim of the Tsunami in Aceh. This proves that information technology develops for human civilization, adapting human needs for human survival.

In helping to cope with the impact of existing disasters, the development of technology in the form of the internet seems to have made a major contribution to the recovery of areas and the recovery of victims who have been affected by natural disasters. But what is the role of information technology in minimizing the magnitude of material losses and loss of life due to disasters? Still discussing our experience in the Aceh Tsunami in 2004 where the losses incurred reached hundreds of billions to reconstruct the city that had died as a result of the disaster.

If we analyze it further, actually this can be overcome early on by giving early warning by looking at the signs or symptoms that occur in that location. Reflecting on Japan, one of the most earthquake-prone countries, the use of information technology there seems to have reached how to give very early warnings to find out if there is a potential earthquake in one particular location where a potential earthquake can be detected. This is very influential on the Japanese people, because with very early warning, before the earthquake, people can prepare mentally and everything that will be saved, be it important documents, financial resources, or valuables, or even they can evacuate earlier before the earthquake which will certainly make it difficult for them to migrate to other places.

It is also early warning that can reduce or minimize losses due to natural disasters. This is something that perhaps should also be developed in Indonesia, considering that our country is an archipelagic country where earthquakes, tsunamis, and the potential for volcanic eruptions are a threat of disaster, namely increasing the role of information technology in providing early information about potential natural disasters in certain areas. Because in addition to minimizing state losses, it also saves the lives of people living in the region. However, the use of new media by the Indonesian people in the form of the internet with all its websites is the initial capital for our society to be able to obtain information about potential natural disasters. As provided by several sites that are concerned with anticipating natural disasters, information about potential natural disasters in certain areas, analyzes regarding the occurrence of certain natural phenomena.

In addition, at this time, a new system known as geolocation has emerged, which is a system for identifying geographic locations from the real world from computer connections, cellphones, website visitors and others. So with an internet connection, we can find out which locations. that we want to find based on the characteristics we want. As in relation to natural disasters, we can access information based on the potential for a tsunami, or the potential for an earthquake, and so on. So, technological developments always provide many conveniences and benefits for its users, one of which we can feel is when a natural disaster hits our nation, in an emergency and worrying situation, it turns out that information and communication technology can provide an alternative way out to inform how the condition of a disaster area becomes a problem. alternative for collecting aid for disaster victims, looking for people or relatives who were lost due to disasters and so on. So the community is facilitated to cope with disasters quickly and swiftly. But beyond that, technological developments provide new alternatives for the community in minimizing or reducing losses due to natural disasters and helping people to be aware of certain natural phenomena so that our society can anticipate what might happen, what to prepare, and how to save themselves, property, and securities that are at risk of being lost when a natural disaster strikes.

Natural disasters cannot be prevented, but humans with all their intelligence can anticipate natural disasters. Indonesia is a country that is very prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, landslides, floods. Currently, natural disasters have different intensities and strengths, such as seasonal flooding in some areas to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami which claimed many lives, this condition forces rapid efforts to take place to initiate disaster management reform initiatives, by looking at the potential for disasters. that hit Indonesia and the need for the use of technology in disaster mitigation as well as the inadequacy of Indonesia's experience in dealing with certain natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis, it is necessary to collaborate with experienced countries such as Japan. Natural disaster information is very much needed in natural disaster management efforts, especially in mitigation and preparation for disasters. This mitigation is a process of preventing or reducing the possibility of a disaster and reducing losses due to a disaster, while the preparation steps for dealing with this disaster include predicting and early warning of a disaster. Natural disaster information compiled in the database is very important on time for all parties, so that all interested parties can obtain the necessary disaster information, it is necessary to provide information dissemination and socialization facilities.

The development of an earth monitoring system to support natural disaster systems aims to improve and develop the use of satellite and GIS sensing technology by providing operational sensing information for disaster management. The development of information systems for natural disaster mitigation using remote sensing data, among others, aims to:
a) Build a database of information on natural disasters, including fires, droughts, floods, food insecure climates,
b) Building a publication media for natural disaster information data base for distribution socialization in the form of a website/home page that can be accessed by young users via the internet.
c) Building coordination media between related institutions/agencies in the context of communication, analysis and determination of joint policies for disaster mitigation. By looking at the problems the Government of Indonesia through the Ministry of Communication and Informatics (Kominfo) and the Government of Japan through the Ministry of Home Affairs and Communications (MIC) have signed a Memorandum of Cooperation (MoC) in the field of digital broadcasting for universal service obligations (USO). Following up on the MoC above, a plan was reached to use the Kominfo data center and communication network for disaster mitigation in Indonesia. Information Technology is carried out because of the importance of very fast disaster management. With the existence of IT in disaster management, this can greatly assist in efficiency and preparedness to assist and deal with an area or place that is affected by a disaster.

5V5X+9PX, Mulyasari, Kec. Sumedang Utara, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat 45621

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This release was published on openPR.