Limited availability of fresh water is driving the zero liquid discharge market globally

Global revenue from zero liquid discharge projects is estimated to account for more than US$ 510 Mn by the end of 2017 and is projected to reach a market value of more than US$ 1,000 Mn by 2025 end, registering a CAGR of 8.7% during the forecast period (2017–2025). Global zero liquid discharge market is expected to represent an incremental opportunity of US$ 488.5 Mn between 2017 and 2025. Asia Pacific is estimated to be the largest market in terms of revenue generation, projected to be valued at US$ 191 Mn in 2017, and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 10.8% over the forecast period.

Limited availability of fresh water is driving the zero liquid discharge market globally

In the past decade, availability of fresh water has reduced significantly across the world. To add to these woes, water pollution has increased considerably at the same time. Moreover, due to growing industrialization, there has been a significant increase in the volume of waste water generated, especially from energy and power generation, municipal waste water and effluent treatment plants. To counter this, various regulations have been formulated and implemented by the concerned environmental agencies and government authorities that aim to conserve water and reduce water pollution. However, unlike some of the developed countries like the United States, Canada and those in Western Europe, a significant share of the overall wastewater generated from various industries in the developing world is discharged untreated into public water sources. Strict regulations and restrictions pertaining to such practices are expected to result in the development of several new water treatment facilities across the developing countries. This, in turn, is expected to drive the zero liquid discharge market growth across the world. Agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency (United States), European Water Association (Europe), and India Water Works Association (India) along with government authorities are actively engaged in framing regulations governing water discharge and disposal. Efforts towards conservation and treatment of water are expected to drive the demand for zero liquid discharge systems all across the world during the forecast period.

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Stringent regulations and legislations aiding the global market for zero liquid discharge systems

Presently, there is a growing awareness to protect the environment from the discharge of harmful waste water effluents. To ensure this, regulatory bodies governing wastewater discharge limits in various countries across the world have been setting and implementing stringent policies and guidelines for industrial plants and municipal bodies to meet zero liquid discharge norms to halt the worsening of water quality in their countries. This has been strongly driving the growth of the zero liquid discharge market, as industries and municipal bodies strive to meet the regulatory norms and legislations set by regulatory bodies. For example, mandates set by the EU Water Framework Directive in the European Union, the Effluent Limitation Guidelines (ELGs) set by the Environment Protection Agency in the United States, the wastewater effluent discharge limit mandates set by the Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT) in Mexico and regulatory directives set by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in India and Ministry of Environmental Protection of the Government of China have been driving the implementation of zero liquid discharge technologies in these countries.

Global Zero Liquid Discharge Market Attractiveness Analysis, by Application

Power generation segment is expected to dominate the global zero liquid discharge market during the forecast period and grow at a CAGR of 9.6%. The growth in capital expenditure towards implementation of zero liquid discharge technology is expected to witness steady growth primarily owing to stringent regulations and legislations governing the discharge of wastewater especially from coal fired power plants. The power generation segment is expected to remain relatively more attractive as compared to other application segments during the forecast period. In terms of overall market attractiveness, the power generation segment is likely to be followed by the chemicals and petrochemicals segment.

Higher capital and operating expenditures restricting the growth of the global zero liquid discharge market

Commonly used zero liquid discharge systems are based on thermal processes involving an energy intensive evaporation process in order to recover reusable water from the waste water stream. Adoption of such zero liquid discharge systems, which are custom built as per the requirements of the end use and processes, involves considerable costs in terms of both capital expenditure and operating expenditure. Also, the efforts and costs related to handling and management of solid waste generated at the end of the treatment further hinder large scale adoption of these units across industries. In addition to these factors, space constraint is another factor that drives the decision against installation of zero liquid discharge systems, especially among smaller industries in developing regions. All these factors tend to render the use of such systems unviable for several industry players.

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