Press release
Cloud Computing Market Shows Strong CAGR of 12.2% Driven by AI Adoption, Edge Computing, and Hybrid Infrastructure | 2025-2031
Los Angeles, United States - QY Research has unveiled its latest study titled "Global Cloud Computing Market Share and Ranking, Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2025-2031." This newly released report delivers a comprehensive overview of the global Cloud Computing market, analyzing the forces shaping its growth trajectory and providing valuable insights for stakeholders, investors, and industry professionals.The global market for Cloud Computing was estimated to be worth US$ 218.50 billion in 2024 and is forecast to a readjusted size of US$ 450.73 billion by 2031 with a CAGR of 12.2% during the forecast period 2025-2031.
The research covers key areas including market dynamics, segmentation, regional performance, competitive landscape, and emerging technology trends that are redefining industry standards. Backed by reliable data and expert analysis, the report serves as a trusted guide to understanding both microeconomic and macroeconomic factors driving market evolution.
Download Free Sample PDF Report (with full TOC, tables, and charts) To Explore Detailed Insights and Forecasts @ https://qyresearch.in/request-sample/service-software-global-cloud-computing-market-share-and-ranking-overall-sales-and-demand-forecast-2025-2031
The research report also includes the global Cloud Computing market figures that provide historical data as well as estimated figures. It gives a clear picture of the growth rate of the market during the forecast period. The Cloud Computing report aims to give the readers quantifiable data that is collected from verified data. The report attempts to answer all the difficult questions such as market sizes and company strategies.
Cloud Computing is a term that describes a broad range of technology services. It is often described as a stack, as a response to the broad range of services built on top of one another under the moniker "Cloud".
Global Cloud Computing key players include Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, IBM, Aliyun, Google Cloud Platform, etc. Global top five manufacturers hold a share over 50%. North America is the largest market, with a share over 35%, followed by EU and Japan, both have a share over 35%. In terms of product, Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is the largest segment, with a share over 50%. And in terms of application, the largest application is Large Enterprises, followed by Small and Medium Sized Enterprises, Government, etc.
Competitive Landscape: -
Amazon Web Services
Microsoft Azure
IBM
Aliyun
Google Cloud Platform
Salesforce
Rackspace
SAP
Oracle
Vmware
DELL
EMC
The competitive landscape is a must-have information for the market players to withstand the competition present in the global Cloud Computing market. This further helps the market participants to develop effective strategies to optimize their market positions. Moreover, the competitive analysis helps them to determine potential advantages as well as barriers within the global Cloud Computing market. This way, they can monitor how their competitors are implementing various strategies including pricing, marketing, and distribution.
Market Drivers:
1. Economic Drivers: Cost Efficiency and Financial Flexibility
This is often the most immediate and compelling reason for businesses to adopt cloud computing.
Shift from Capital Expenditure (CapEx) to Operational Expenditure (OpEx): Cloud computing eliminates the massive upfront cost of purchasing and maintaining physical hardware (servers, data centers, networking equipment). Instead, companies pay a predictable, recurring subscription fee or only for the resources they use, treating IT as an operational expense. This dramatically improves cash flow and frees up capital for other investments.
Reduced IT Operational Costs: The cloud provider manages the underlying infrastructure, including maintenance, security patches, power, cooling, and physical security. This significantly reduces the need for a large in-house IT team dedicated to routine maintenance, allowing them to focus on strategic initiatives.
2. Technological Innovation and Access to Advanced Tools
The cloud is a platform for innovation, not just infrastructure.
Access to Cutting-Edge Technologies: Cloud providers offer on-demand access to advanced services like Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Internet of Things (IoT) platforms, big data analytics, and serverless computing. Companies can experiment with and integrate these technologies without making huge investments in specialized hardware and expertise.
Focus on Core Business: By offloading the undifferentiated "heavy lifting" of IT infrastructure to the cloud, organizations can redirect their precious technical talent and resources toward developing products and services that differentiate them in the market.
Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity: Cloud computing provides robust, scalable, and more cost-effective disaster recovery (DR) and backup solutions. Data can be replicated across multiple geographically dispersed data centers, ensuring business continuity in the event of a local failure or disaster.
3. Data and Analytics Drivers
The cloud is the foundation for the modern data-driven enterprise.
Centralized Data and Big Data Analytics: The cloud allows organizations to aggregate vast amounts of data from disparate sources into a single, scalable repository (data lakes). This enables powerful analytics and business intelligence, uncovering insights that drive better decision-making.
Regional Insights -
The report takes readers on a journey through four key regions: United States, Asia-Pacific, and EMEA. Key nations like the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom, China, Japan, South Korea, and more are thoroughly examined. The data is presented in a timeline from 2024 as the base year, with projections extending to 2031.
North America: United States, Canada, Mexico
Latin America: Brazil and other key markets
Asia Pacific: China, Japan, South Korea, India, ASEAN countries
Europe, Middle East & Africa (EMEA): Major European economies, GCC countries, and African nations
The report provides a region-wise breakdown of market share, consumption trends, and future prospects.
Detailed of Cloud Computing Market Segmentation -
The report offers great insights into important segments of the global Cloud Computing market while concentrating on their CAGR, market size, market share, and future growth potential. The global Cloud Computing market is mainly segmented according to type of product, application, and region. Each segment in these categories is extensively researched to become familiar with their growth prospects and key trends. Segmental analysis is highly important to identify key growth pockets of a global market. The report provides specific information on the market growth and demand of different products and applications to help players to focus on profitable areas of the global Cloud Computing market.
Segmentation By Type :-
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Segmentation By Application -
Government
Small and Medium Sized Enterprises
Large Enterprises
This segmentation helps identify high-growth opportunities and niche segments for investors and businesses.
Request for Pre-Order Enquiry On This Exclusive Report @ https://qyresearch.in/pre-order-inquiry/service-software-global-cloud-computing-market-share-and-ranking-overall-sales-and-demand-forecast-2025-2031
Why This Report is a Must-Have -
ᗒ Historical Analysis (2020-2024) & Forecasts (2025-2031): Gain a clear understanding of market trends and future growth potential.
ᗒ Comprehensive Market Segmentation: Detailed breakdown by Type, Application, and Region to identify lucrative opportunities.
ᗒ Competitive Landscape: Insights into key players, their market share, and strategic developments like mergers, acquisitions, and expansion plans.
ᗒ Drivers & Restraints: Understand the factors shaping the market's growth and the challenges that could impact your strategy.
ᗒ Expert Opinions & Market Dynamics: Benefit from expert analysis to navigate market risks and capitalize on emerging trends.
Cloud Computing Market Report Objectives -
(1) Analyzing the size of the global Cloud Computing market on the basis of value and volume
(2) Accurately calculating the market shares, consumption, and other vital factors of different segments of the global Cloud Computing market
(3) Exploring key dynamics of the global Cloud Computing market
(4) Highlighting important trends of the global Cloud Computing market in terms of production, revenue, and sales
(5) Deeply profiling top players of the global Cloud Computing market and showing how they compete in the industry
(6) Studying manufacturing processes and costs, product pricing, and various trends related to them
(7) Showing the performance of different regions and countries in the global Cloud Computing market
(8) Forecasting the market size and share of all segments, regions, and the global market.
Important Questions Answered included in the Report:-
(A) What is the market size and growth rate of the global and regional market by various segments?
(B) What is the market size and growth rate of the market for selective Countries?
(C) Which region or sub-segment is expected to drive the market in the forecast period?
(D) What factors are estimated to drive and restrain the market growth?
(E) What are the key technology and market trends shaping the market?
(F) what are the key opportunity in the market?
(G) Who are the leading manufacturers operating in the global Cloud Computing market?
(H) Which key player accounted for the highest market share?
(I) What are the growth opportunities for the new entrants in the global Cloud Computing market?
Table of Contents - Major Key Points:
1 Market Overview
1.1 Cloud Computing Product Introduction
1.2 Global Cloud Computing Market Size Forecast (2020-2031)
1.3 Cloud Computing Market Trends & Drivers
1.3.1 Cloud Computing Industry Trends
1.3.2 Cloud Computing Market Drivers & Opportunity
1.3.3 Cloud Computing Market Challenges
1.3.4 Cloud Computing Market Restraints
1.4 Assumptions and Limitations
1.5 Study Objectives
1.6 Years Considered
2 Competitive Analysis by Company
2.1 Global Cloud Computing Players Revenue Ranking (2024)
2.2 Global Cloud Computing Revenue by Company (2020-2025)
2.3 Key Companies Cloud Computing Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
2.4 Key Companies Cloud Computing Product Offered
2.5 Key Companies Time to Begin Mass Production of Cloud Computing
2.6 Cloud Computing Market Competitive Analysis
2.6.1 Cloud Computing Market Concentration Rate (2020-2025)
2.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Companies by Cloud Computing Revenue in 2024
2.6.3 Global Top Companies by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Cloud Computing as of 2024)
2.7 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
3 Segmentation by Type
3.1 Introduction by Type
3.1.1 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
3.1.2 Platform as a Service (PaaS)
3.1.3 Software as a Service (SaaS)
3.2 Global Cloud Computing Sales Value by Type
3.2.1 Global Cloud Computing Sales Value by Type (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
3.2.2 Global Cloud Computing Sales Value, by Type (2020-2031)
3.2.3 Global Cloud Computing Sales Value, by Type (%) (2020-2031)
4 Segmentation by Application
4.1 Introduction by Application
4.1.1 Government
4.1.2 Small and Medium Sized Enterprises
4.1.3 Large Enterprises
4.2 Global Cloud Computing Sales Value by Application
4.2.1 Global Cloud Computing Sales Value by Application (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
4.2.2 Global Cloud Computing Sales Value, by Application (2020-2031)
4.2.3 Global Cloud Computing Sales Value, by Application (%) (2020-2031)
5 Segmentation by Region
5.1 Global Cloud Computing Sales Value by Region
5.1.1 Global Cloud Computing Sales Value by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
5.1.2 Global Cloud Computing Sales Value by Region (2020-2025)
5.1.3 Global Cloud Computing Sales Value by Region (2026-2031)
5.1.4 Global Cloud Computing Sales Value by Region (%), (2020-2031)
5.2 North America
5.2.1 North America Cloud Computing Sales Value, 2020-2031
5.2.2 North America Cloud Computing Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
5.3 Europe
5.3.1 Europe Cloud Computing Sales Value, 2020-2031
5.3.2 Europe Cloud Computing Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
5.4 Asia Pacific
5.4.1 Asia Pacific Cloud Computing Sales Value, 2020-2031
5.4.2 Asia Pacific Cloud Computing Sales Value by Region (%), 2024 VS 2031
5.5 South America
5.5.1 South America Cloud Computing Sales Value, 2020-2031
5.5.2 South America Cloud Computing Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
5.6 Middle East & Africa
5.6.1 Middle East & Africa Cloud Computing Sales Value, 2020-2031
5.6.2 Middle East & Africa Cloud Computing Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
6 Segmentation by Key Countries/Regions
6.1 Key Countries/Regions Cloud Computing Sales Value Growth Trends, 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
6.2 Key Countries/Regions Cloud Computing Sales Value, 2020-2031
6.3 United States
6.3.1 United States Cloud Computing Sales Value, 2020-2031
6.3.2 United States Cloud Computing Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
6.3.3 United States Cloud Computing Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 Europe Cloud Computing Sales Value, 2020-2031
6.4.2 Europe Cloud Computing Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
6.4.3 Europe Cloud Computing Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
6.5 China
6.5.1 China Cloud Computing Sales Value, 2020-2031
6.5.2 China Cloud Computing Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
6.5.3 China Cloud Computing Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
6.6 Japan
6.6.1 Japan Cloud Computing Sales Value, 2020-2031
6.6.2 Japan Cloud Computing Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
6.6.3 Japan Cloud Computing Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
6.7 South Korea
6.7.1 South Korea Cloud Computing Sales Value, 2020-2031
6.7.2 South Korea Cloud Computing Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
6.7.3 South Korea Cloud Computing Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
6.8 Southeast Asia
6.8.1 Southeast Asia Cloud Computing Sales Value, 2020-2031
6.8.2 Southeast Asia Cloud Computing Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
6.8.3 Southeast Asia Cloud Computing Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
6.9 India
6.9.1 India Cloud Computing Sales Value, 2020-2031
6.9.2 India Cloud Computing Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
6.9.3 India Cloud Computing Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
7 Company Profiles
7.1 Amazon Web Services
7.1.1 Amazon Web Services Profile
7.1.2 Amazon Web Services Main Business
7.1.3 Amazon Web Services Cloud Computing Products, Services and Solutions
7.1.4 Amazon Web Services Cloud Computing Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
7.1.5 Amazon Web Services Recent Developments
7.2 Microsoft Azure
7.2.1 Microsoft Azure Profile
7.2.2 Microsoft Azure Main Business
7.2.3 Microsoft Azure Cloud Computing Products, Services and Solutions
7.2.4 Microsoft Azure Cloud Computing Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
7.2.5 Microsoft Azure Recent Developments
7.3 IBM
7.3.1 IBM Profile
7.3.2 IBM Main Business
7.3.3 IBM Cloud Computing Products, Services and Solutions
7.3.4 IBM Cloud Computing Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
7.3.5 IBM Recent Developments
7.4 Aliyun
7.4.1 Aliyun Profile
7.4.2 Aliyun Main Business
7.4.3 Aliyun Cloud Computing Products, Services and Solutions
7.4.4 Aliyun Cloud Computing Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
7.4.5 Aliyun Recent Developments
7.5 Google Cloud Platform
7.5.1 Google Cloud Platform Profile
7.5.2 Google Cloud Platform Main Business
7.5.3 Google Cloud Platform Cloud Computing Products, Services and Solutions
7.5.4 Google Cloud Platform Cloud Computing Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
7.5.5 Google Cloud Platform Recent Developments
7.6 Salesforce
7.6.1 Salesforce Profile
7.6.2 Salesforce Main Business
7.6.3 Salesforce Cloud Computing Products, Services and Solutions
7.6.4 Salesforce Cloud Computing Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
7.6.5 Salesforce Recent Developments
7.7 Rackspace
7.7.1 Rackspace Profile
7.7.2 Rackspace Main Business
7.7.3 Rackspace Cloud Computing Products, Services and Solutions
7.7.4 Rackspace Cloud Computing Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
7.7.5 Rackspace Recent Developments
7.8 SAP
7.8.1 SAP Profile
7.8.2 SAP Main Business
7.8.3 SAP Cloud Computing Products, Services and Solutions
7.8.4 SAP Cloud Computing Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
7.8.5 SAP Recent Developments
7.9 Oracle
7.9.1 Oracle Profile
7.9.2 Oracle Main Business
7.9.3 Oracle Cloud Computing Products, Services and Solutions
7.9.4 Oracle Cloud Computing Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
7.9.5 Oracle Recent Developments
7.10 Vmware
7.10.1 Vmware Profile
7.10.2 Vmware Main Business
7.10.3 Vmware Cloud Computing Products, Services and Solutions
7.10.4 Vmware Cloud Computing Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
7.10.5 Vmware Recent Developments
7.11 DELL
7.11.1 DELL Profile
7.11.2 DELL Main Business
7.11.3 DELL Cloud Computing Products, Services and Solutions
7.11.4 DELL Cloud Computing Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
7.11.5 DELL Recent Developments
7.12 EMC
7.12.1 EMC Profile
7.12.2 EMC Main Business
7.12.3 EMC Cloud Computing Products, Services and Solutions
7.12.4 EMC Cloud Computing Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
7.12.5 EMC Recent Developments
8 Industry Chain Analysis
8.1 Cloud Computing Industrial Chain
8.2 Cloud Computing Upstream Analysis
8.2.1 Key Raw Materials
8.2.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
8.2.3 Manufacturing Cost Structure
8.3 Midstream Analysis
8.4 Downstream Analysis (Customers Analysis)
8.5 Sales Model and Sales Channels
8.5.1 Cloud Computing Sales Model
8.5.2 Sales Channel
8.5.3 Cloud Computing Distributors
9 Research Findings and Conclusion
10 Appendix
10.1 Research Methodology
10.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
10.1.1.1 Research Programs/Design
10.1.1.2 Market Size Estimation
10.1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
10.1.2 Data Source
10.1.2.1 Secondary Sources
10.1.2.2 Primary Sources
10.2 Author Details
10.3 Disclaimer
About Us:
QYResearch established as a research firm in 2007 and have since grown into a trusted brand amongst many industries. Over the years, we have consistently worked toward delivering high-quality customized solutions for wide range of clients ranging from ICT to healthcare industries. With over 50,000 satisfied clients, spread over 80 countries, we have sincerely strived to deliver the best analytics through exhaustive research methodologies.
Contact Us:
Arshad Shaha | Marketing Executive
QY Research, INC.
315 Work Avenue, Raheja Woods,
Survey No. 222/1, Plot No. 25, 6th Floor,
Kayani Nagar, Yervada, Pune 411006, Maharashtra
Tel: +91-8669986909
Emails - arshad@qyrindia.com
Web - https://www.qyresearch.in
This release was published on openPR.
Permanent link to this press release:
Copy
Please set a link in the press area of your homepage to this press release on openPR. openPR disclaims liability for any content contained in this release.
You can edit or delete your press release Cloud Computing Market Shows Strong CAGR of 12.2% Driven by AI Adoption, Edge Computing, and Hybrid Infrastructure | 2025-2031 here
News-ID: 4238405 • Views: …
More Releases from QYResearch.Inc
Graphitic Carbon Foam Market Size, Share, Growth Rate 6.0% CAGR, and Competitive …
Los Angeles, United States - QY Research has unveiled its latest study titled "Global Graphitic Carbon Foam Market Share and Ranking, Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2025-2031." This newly released report delivers a comprehensive overview of the global Graphitic Carbon Foam market, analyzing the forces shaping its growth trajectory and providing valuable insights for stakeholders, investors, and industry professionals.
The global market for Graphitic Carbon Foam was estimated to be worth…
Isoamyl Alcohol Market Size, Share, Trends, and Competitive Landscape | Global I …
Los Angeles, United States - QY Research has unveiled its latest study titled "Global Isoamyl Alcohol Market Share and Ranking, Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2025-2031." This newly released report delivers a comprehensive overview of the global Isoamyl Alcohol market, analyzing the forces shaping its growth trajectory and providing valuable insights for stakeholders, investors, and industry professionals.
The global market for Isoamyl Alcohol was estimated to be worth US$ 61.00 million…
Bakery Machine Market Set for Strong Growth as Bakery Industry Scales Up with Au …
Los Angeles, United States - QY Research has unveiled its latest study titled "Global Bakery Machine Market Share and Ranking, Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2025-2031." This newly released report delivers a comprehensive overview of the global Bakery Machine market, analyzing the forces shaping its growth trajectory and providing valuable insights for stakeholders, investors, and industry professionals.
The global market for Bakery Machine was estimated to be worth US$ 1405 million…
Graphite Electrodes Market Size, Share, Trends and Competitive Landscape | Globa …
Los Angeles, United States - QY Research has unveiled its latest study titled "Global Graphite Electrodes Market Share and Ranking, Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2025-2031." This newly released report delivers a comprehensive overview of the global Graphite Electrodes market, analyzing the forces shaping its growth trajectory and providing valuable insights for stakeholders, investors, and industry professionals.
The global market for Graphite Electrodes was estimated to be worth US$ 5830 million…
More Releases for Cloud
Government Service Cloud Market SWOT Analysis by Leading Key Players: Google Clo …
HTF MI just released the Global Government Service Cloud Market Study, a comprehensive analysis of the market that spans more than 143+ pages and describes the product and industry scope as well as the market prognosis and status for 2025-2032. The marketization process is being accelerated by the market study's segmentation by important regions. The market is currently expanding its reach.
Major companies profiled in Government Service Cloud Market are:
Amazon Web…
Cloud Model Hosting Platform Market Size, Status, Global Outlook 2025 To 2033 | …
New Jersey, United States: The latest research study by Infinity Business Insights, titled 'Global Cloud Model Hosting Platform Market,' 118 analysis on business strategies adopted by key and emerging industry players. It provides insights into current market developments, trends, technologies, drivers, opportunities, and overall market outlook. Understanding various segments is crucial for identifying the factors that drive market growth. Some of the major companies featured in this report include Amazon Web…
AI Supercomputing Cloud Market to Witness Huge Growth by 2029 | AWS, Oracle, Mic …
The AI Supercomputing Cloud Market a detailed study added to provide most recent insights about critical reports of the Global AI Supercomputing Cloud market. This report provides a detailed overview of key factors in the AI Supercomputing Cloud Market and factors such as driver, limitation, past and current trends, guiding scenarios, and technology development. In addition, AI Supercomputing Cloud Market attractiveness according to country, end-user, and other measures is also…
Open Cloud Services Market Size in 2023 To 2029 | Google Cloud - T-Systems - IBM …
The Open Cloud Services market report includes market-driving factors, major obstacles, and restraining factors impeding market growth. The report assists existing manufacturers and start-ups in developing strategies to combat challenges and capitalize on lucrative opportunities to gain a foothold in the global market. Moreover, the report provides thorough information about prime end-users and annual forecast during an estimated period.
𝐃𝐨𝐰𝐧𝐥𝐨𝐚𝐝 𝐅𝐫𝐞𝐞 𝐏𝐃𝐅 𝐒𝐚𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞 𝐑𝐞𝐩𝐨𝐫𝐭 + 𝐃𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐞𝐝 𝐓𝐎𝐂 ➡️ https://www.reportsnreports.com/contacts/requestsample.aspx?name=6778415
𝐋𝐞𝐚𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐲𝐞𝐫𝐬 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐟𝐢𝐥𝐞𝐝…
Mini Program Development Services Market Size in 2023 To 2029 | Tencent Cloud, A …
The Mini Program Development Services market report provides valuable insights for new entrants and stakeholders, offering a comprehensive understanding of market dynamics. It analyzes the competitive landscape and future market scenarios using tools like Porter's five forces and parent/peer market analysis. The report evaluates the product portfolios and services of key market players in detail. It also examines the impact of government regulations during the Covid-19 pandemic and provides market…
Customized Cloud Service Market May See a Big Move | IBM Cloud, Oracle Cloud, Al …
Global Customized Cloud Service Market Growth (Status and Outlook) 2023-2029 is the latest research study released by HTF MI evaluating the market risk side analysis, highlighting opportunities, and leveraging with strategic and tactical decision-making support. The report provides information on market trends and development, growth drivers, technologies, and the changing investment structure of the Global Customized Cloud Service Market. Some of the key players profiled in the study are Google…
