Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis Market to get Benefit from Rising Infertility; Expected to Reach US$118.0 million by 2020

All women face a risk to have a pregnancy with a chromosomal abnormality. The risk particularly shoots up post the age of 35. It has been observed that an increasing number of women are conceiving by late 30s or early 40s. Though a pregnancy in later years assures better financial security, medical assistance in form of in vitro fertilization (IVF) is required in most cases owing to decreased fertility rate. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is usually used with an IVF cycle to increase the chances of a successful pregnancy. The global preimplantation genetic diagnosis market is expected to expand at a CAGR of 6.28% during the period between 2014 and 2020. The global preimplantation genetic diagnosis market was worth US$77.2 million in 2013 and is estimated to reach a valuation of US$118.0 million by 2020.

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Why Doctors Recommend Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis?

For couples undergoing IVF, doctors usually recommend preimplantation genetic diagnosis when one of the following conditions prevail:

> History of heritable genetic disorders in one or both the partners
> One or both partners is a carrier of a chromosomal abnormality
> Advanced age of mother
> History of recurrent miscarriages

How PGD determines Genetic Disorders?

PGD is used for determining single gene disorders such as Thalassemia, Huntington’s disease, Cystic fibrosis, Fragile-X, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and BRCA1/ BRCA2 (hereditary breast or ovarian cancer). While a woman goes through a standard IVF cycle, a few cells are removed from each of the embryos developing in the IVF laboratory. The cells are tested in one of the following ways:

> Advanced Embryo Selection (Array CGH): The process screen all the 24 chromosomes present in an embryo to enable the selection and transfer of only those embryos that have a normal chromosomal pattern.

> Karyomapping: The technique is used particularly when either of the parents is known to be carriers of a serious single gene disorder. Karyomapping identifies embryos that are not affected by the genetic disorder thereby preventing the condition from getting passed from one generation to another.

However, there are Risks!

Though IVF and PGD have emerged as a boon to thousands of women across the globe, there are potential problems involved.

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> Multiple Births: It is one of the single greatest health risk associated with fertility treatment. Though PGD can screen the embryos for any potential genetic or chromosomal disorder, multiple birth carry risks to the health of the mother and the unborn babies.

> Ovarian Hyper-Stimulation Syndrome (OHSS): OHSS can prove dangerous due to over-reaction to fertility drugs used for stimulating egg production.

In PGD, there is also the possibility of some of the embryos getting damaged by the process of cell removal. The process of PGD is not 100% reliable or conclusive.

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