Press release
PU-Lined Pipes Market Gains Momentum in 2023: Market Trends and Growth Forecasts | Advanced Polymer Technology, Arex, Baytain, Beaver Process Equipment
LOS ANGELES, United States: The research study offers powerful guidelines for market players to compete well against other participants operating in the global PU-Lined Pipes market. It brings to light crucial market dynamics including drivers, challenges, restraints, trends, and opportunities. Readers are provided with detailed qualitative and quantitative analysis, PESTLE analysis, absolute dollar opportunity analysis, and Porter's Five Forces analysis that focus on various aspects of the global PU-Lined Pipes market. The report includes regional growth analysis to show how the global PU-Lined Pipes market is progressing in different parts of the world in terms of growth. Besides growth rate, the authors of the report provide market figures related to revenue, production, consumption, share, sales, and other vital factors.The competitive analysis offered in the PU-Lined Pipes report helps players to improve their business strategies or create new ones applicable to current or future market situations. The report provides powerful recommendations to help players to cement a strong position in the global PU-Lined Pipes market. Its key findings can be used to prepare for any future challenges beforehand. Each segment is deeply analyzed on the basis of various factors such as market share, CAGR, and revenue growth. In addition, every regional market is comprehensively studied to help players identify key growth opportunities in different regions and countries.
Get PDF Sample Copy of Report: (Including Full TOC, List of Tables & Figures, Chart) https://www.qyresearch.com/sample/1548413
The report includes company profiling of almost all important players of the global PU-Lined Pipes market. The company profiling section offers valuable analysis on strengths and weaknesses, business developments, recent advancements, mergers and acquisitions, expansion plans, global footprint, market presence, and product portfolios of leading market players. This information can be used by players and other market participants to maximize their profitability and streamline their business strategies. Our competitive analysis also includes key information to help new entrants to identify market entry barriers and measure the level of competitiveness in the global PU-Lined Pipes market.
Key Players Mentioned in the Global PU-Lined Pipes Market Research Report: Advanced Polymer Technology, Arex, Baytain, Beaver Process Equipment, Dimax, East Coast Polyurethanes, Engineering Plastics, Hebei Feng Mang Technology, Industrial Screen and Maintenance, Inelas, Iracore, JinRuiDa Industry Solutions, Masterflex, Townley, UMP
Global PU-Lined Pipes Market by Type: Straight Pipe, Bend Pipe
Global PU-Lined Pipes Market by Application: Mine, Refinery, Paper Mill, Others
The regional analysis section of the report allows players to concentrate on high-growth regions and countries that could help them to expand their presence in the global PU-Lined Pipes market. Apart from extending their footprint in the global PU-Lined Pipes market, the regional analysis helps players to increase their sales while having a better understanding of customer behavior in specific regions and countries. The report provides CAGR, revenue, production, consumption, and other important statistics and figures related to the global as well as regional markets. It shows how different type, application, and regional segments are progressing in the global PU-Lined Pipes market in terms of growth.
Our report includes ongoing and latest market trends, company market shares, market forecasts, competitive benchmarking, competitive mapping, and in-depth analysis of key sustainability tactics and their impact on market growth and competition. In order to estimate quantitative aspects and segment the global PU-Lined Pipes market, we used a recommended combination of top-down and bottom-up approaches. We studied the global PU-Lined Pipes market from three key perspectives through data triangulation. Our iterative and comprehensive research methodology helps us to provide the most accurate market forecasts and estimates with no to minimum errors.
This PU-Lined Pipes Market Research Report Contains Answers to your following Questions
(A) Which Manufacturing Technology is Used for PU-Lined Pipes? What Developments Are Going On in That Technology? Which Trends Are Causing These Developments?
(B) Who Are the Global Key Players in This PU-Lined Pipes Market? What's Their Company Profile, Their Product Information, and Contact Information?
(C) What Was Global Market Status of PU-Lined Pipes Market? What Was Capacity, Production Value, Cost and PROFIT of PU-Lined Pipes Market?
(D) What Is Current Market Status of PU-Lined Pipes Industry? What's Market Competition in This Industry, Both Company, and Country Wise? What's Market Analysis of PU-Lined Pipes Market by Taking Applications and Types in Consideration?
(E) What Are Projections of Global PU-Lined Pipes Industry Considering Capacity, Production and Production Value? What Will Be the Estimation of Cost and Profit? What Will Be Market Share, Supply and Consumption? What about Import and Export?
(F) What Is PU-Lined Pipes Market Chain Analysis by Upstream Raw Materials and Downstream Industry?
(G) What Is Economic Impact On PU-Lined Pipes Industry? What are Global Macroeconomic Environment Analysis Results? What Are Global Macroeconomic Environment Development Trends?
(H) What Are Market Dynamics of PU-Lined Pipes Market? What Are Challenges and Opportunities?
(I) What Should Be Entry Strategies, Countermeasures to Economic Impact, Marketing Channels for PU-Lined Pipes Industry?
Request for customization in Report: https://www.qyresearch.com/customize/1548413
Table of Content
"1 PU-Lined Pipes Market Overview
1.1 Product Definition
1.2 PU-Lined Pipes Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global PU-Lined Pipes Market Value Growth Rate Analysis by Type 2022 VS 2029
1.2.2 Straight Pipe
1.2.3 Bend Pipe
1.3 PU-Lined Pipes Segment by Application
1.3.1 Global PU-Lined Pipes Market Value Growth Rate Analysis by Application: 2022 VS 2029
1.3.2 Mine
1.3.3 Refinery
1.3.4 Paper Mill
1.3.5 Others
1.4 Global Market Growth Prospects
1.4.1 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
1.4.2 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Capacity Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
1.4.3 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
1.4.4 Global PU-Lined Pipes Market Average Price Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
1.5 Assumptions and Limitations
2 Market Competition by Manufacturers
2.1 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Market Share by Manufacturers (2018-2023)
2.2 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Value Market Share by Manufacturers (2018-2023)
2.3 Global Key Players of PU-Lined Pipes, Industry Ranking, 2021 VS 2022 VS 2023
2.4 Global PU-Lined Pipes Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)
2.5 Global PU-Lined Pipes Average Price by Manufacturers (2018-2023)
2.6 Global Key Manufacturers of PU-Lined Pipes, Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
2.7 Global Key Manufacturers of PU-Lined Pipes, Product Offered and Application
2.8 Global Key Manufacturers of PU-Lined Pipes, Date of Enter into This Industry
2.9 PU-Lined Pipes Market Competitive Situation and Trends
2.9.1 PU-Lined Pipes Market Concentration Rate
2.9.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest PU-Lined Pipes Players Market Share by Revenue
2.10 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
3 PU-Lined Pipes Production by Region
3.1 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Value Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
3.2 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Value by Region (2018-2029)
3.2.1 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Value Market Share by Region (2018-2023)
3.2.2 Global Forecasted Production Value of PU-Lined Pipes by Region (2024-2029)
3.3 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
3.4 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production by Region (2018-2029)
3.4.1 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Market Share by Region (2018-2023)
3.4.2 Global Forecasted Production of PU-Lined Pipes by Region (2024-2029)
3.5 Global PU-Lined Pipes Market Price Analysis by Region (2018-2023)
3.6 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production and Value, Year-over-Year Growth
3.6.1 North America PU-Lined Pipes Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
3.6.2 Europe PU-Lined Pipes Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
3.6.3 China PU-Lined Pipes Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
3.6.4 Japan PU-Lined Pipes Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
4 PU-Lined Pipes Consumption by Region
4.1 Global PU-Lined Pipes Consumption Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
4.2 Global PU-Lined Pipes Consumption by Region (2018-2029)
4.2.1 Global PU-Lined Pipes Consumption by Region (2018-2023)
4.2.2 Global PU-Lined Pipes Forecasted Consumption by Region (2024-2029)
4.3 North America
4.3.1 North America PU-Lined Pipes Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
4.3.2 North America PU-Lined Pipes Consumption by Country (2018-2029)
4.3.3 United States
4.3.4 Canada
4.4 Europe
4.4.1 Europe PU-Lined Pipes Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
4.4.2 Europe PU-Lined Pipes Consumption by Country (2018-2029)
4.4.3 Germany
4.4.4 France
4.4.5 U.K.
4.4.6 Italy
4.4.7 Russia
4.5 Asia Pacific
4.5.1 Asia Pacific PU-Lined Pipes Consumption Growth Rate by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
4.5.2 Asia Pacific PU-Lined Pipes Consumption by Region (2018-2029)
4.5.3 China
4.5.4 Japan
4.5.5 South Korea
4.5.6 China Taiwan
4.5.7 Southeast Asia
4.5.8 India
4.6 Latin America, Middle East & Africa
4.6.1 Latin America, Middle East & Africa PU-Lined Pipes Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
4.6.2 Latin America, Middle East & Africa PU-Lined Pipes Consumption by Country (2018-2029)
4.6.3 Mexico
4.6.4 Brazil
4.6.5 Turkey
5 Segment by Type
5.1 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production by Type (2018-2029)
5.1.1 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production by Type (2018-2023)
5.1.2 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production by Type (2024-2029)
5.1.3 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
5.2 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Value by Type (2018-2029)
5.2.1 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Value by Type (2018-2023)
5.2.2 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Value by Type (2024-2029)
5.2.3 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Value Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
5.3 Global PU-Lined Pipes Price by Type (2018-2029)
6 Segment by Application
6.1 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production by Application (2018-2029)
6.1.1 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production by Application (2018-2023)
6.1.2 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production by Application (2024-2029)
6.1.3 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
6.2 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Value by Application (2018-2029)
6.2.1 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Value by Application (2018-2023)
6.2.2 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Value by Application (2024-2029)
6.2.3 Global PU-Lined Pipes Production Value Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
6.3 Global PU-Lined Pipes Price by Application (2018-2029)
7 Key Companies Profiled
7.1 Advanced Polymer Technology
7.1.1 Advanced Polymer Technology PU-Lined Pipes Corporation Information
7.1.2 Advanced Polymer Technology PU-Lined Pipes Product Portfolio
7.1.3 Advanced Polymer Technology PU-Lined Pipes Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.1.4 Advanced Polymer Technology Main Business and Markets Served
7.1.5 Advanced Polymer Technology Recent Developments/Updates
7.2 Arex
7.2.1 Arex PU-Lined Pipes Corporation Information
7.2.2 Arex PU-Lined Pipes Product Portfolio
7.2.3 Arex PU-Lined Pipes Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.2.4 Arex Main Business and Markets Served
7.2.5 Arex Recent Developments/Updates
7.3 Baytain
7.3.1 Baytain PU-Lined Pipes Corporation Information
7.3.2 Baytain PU-Lined Pipes Product Portfolio
7.3.3 Baytain PU-Lined Pipes Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.3.4 Baytain Main Business and Markets Served
7.3.5 Baytain Recent Developments/Updates
7.4 Beaver Process Equipment
7.4.1 Beaver Process Equipment PU-Lined Pipes Corporation Information
7.4.2 Beaver Process Equipment PU-Lined Pipes Product Portfolio
7.4.3 Beaver Process Equipment PU-Lined Pipes Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.4.4 Beaver Process Equipment Main Business and Markets Served
7.4.5 Beaver Process Equipment Recent Developments/Updates
7.5 Dimax
7.5.1 Dimax PU-Lined Pipes Corporation Information
7.5.2 Dimax PU-Lined Pipes Product Portfolio
7.5.3 Dimax PU-Lined Pipes Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.5.4 Dimax Main Business and Markets Served
7.5.5 Dimax Recent Developments/Updates
7.6 East Coast Polyurethanes
7.6.1 East Coast Polyurethanes PU-Lined Pipes Corporation Information
7.6.2 East Coast Polyurethanes PU-Lined Pipes Product Portfolio
7.6.3 East Coast Polyurethanes PU-Lined Pipes Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.6.4 East Coast Polyurethanes Main Business and Markets Served
7.6.5 East Coast Polyurethanes Recent Developments/Updates
7.7 Engineering Plastics
7.7.1 Engineering Plastics PU-Lined Pipes Corporation Information
7.7.2 Engineering Plastics PU-Lined Pipes Product Portfolio
7.7.3 Engineering Plastics PU-Lined Pipes Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.7.4 Engineering Plastics Main Business and Markets Served
7.7.5 Engineering Plastics Recent Developments/Updates
7.8 Hebei Feng Mang Technology
7.8.1 Hebei Feng Mang Technology PU-Lined Pipes Corporation Information
7.8.2 Hebei Feng Mang Technology PU-Lined Pipes Product Portfolio
7.8.3 Hebei Feng Mang Technology PU-Lined Pipes Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.8.4 Hebei Feng Mang Technology Main Business and Markets Served
7.7.5 Hebei Feng Mang Technology Recent Developments/Updates
7.9 Industrial Screen and Maintenance
7.9.1 Industrial Screen and Maintenance PU-Lined Pipes Corporation Information
7.9.2 Industrial Screen and Maintenance PU-Lined Pipes Product Portfolio
7.9.3 Industrial Screen and Maintenance PU-Lined Pipes Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.9.4 Industrial Screen and Maintenance Main Business and Markets Served
7.9.5 Industrial Screen and Maintenance Recent Developments/Updates
7.10 Inelas
7.10.1 Inelas PU-Lined Pipes Corporation Information
7.10.2 Inelas PU-Lined Pipes Product Portfolio
7.10.3 Inelas PU-Lined Pipes Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.10.4 Inelas Main Business and Markets Served
7.10.5 Inelas Recent Developments/Updates
7.11 Iracore
7.11.1 Iracore PU-Lined Pipes Corporation Information
7.11.2 Iracore PU-Lined Pipes Product Portfolio
7.11.3 Iracore PU-Lined Pipes Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.11.4 Iracore Main Business and Markets Served
7.11.5 Iracore Recent Developments/Updates
7.12 JinRuiDa Industry Solutions
7.12.1 JinRuiDa Industry Solutions PU-Lined Pipes Corporation Information
7.12.2 JinRuiDa Industry Solutions PU-Lined Pipes Product Portfolio
7.12.3 JinRuiDa Industry Solutions PU-Lined Pipes Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.12.4 JinRuiDa Industry Solutions Main Business and Markets Served
7.12.5 JinRuiDa Industry Solutions Recent Developments/Updates
7.13 Masterflex
7.13.1 Masterflex PU-Lined Pipes Corporation Information
7.13.2 Masterflex PU-Lined Pipes Product Portfolio
7.13.3 Masterflex PU-Lined Pipes Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.13.4 Masterflex Main Business and Markets Served
7.13.5 Masterflex Recent Developments/Updates
7.14 Townley
7.14.1 Townley PU-Lined Pipes Corporation Information
7.14.2 Townley PU-Lined Pipes Product Portfolio
7.14.3 Townley PU-Lined Pipes Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.14.4 Townley Main Business and Markets Served
7.14.5 Townley Recent Developments/Updates
7.15 UMP
7.15.1 UMP PU-Lined Pipes Corporation Information
7.15.2 UMP PU-Lined Pipes Product Portfolio
7.15.3 UMP PU-Lined Pipes Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.15.4 UMP Main Business and Markets Served
7.15.5 UMP Recent Developments/Updates
8 Industry Chain and Sales Channels Analysis
8.1 PU-Lined Pipes Industry Chain Analysis
8.2 PU-Lined Pipes Key Raw Materials
8.2.1 Key Raw Materials
8.2.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
8.3 PU-Lined Pipes Production Mode & Process
8.4 PU-Lined Pipes Sales and Marketing
8.4.1 PU-Lined Pipes Sales Channels
8.4.2 PU-Lined Pipes Distributors
8.5 PU-Lined Pipes Customers
9 PU-Lined Pipes Market Dynamics
9.1 PU-Lined Pipes Industry Trends
9.2 PU-Lined Pipes Market Drivers
9.3 PU-Lined Pipes Market Challenges
9.4 PU-Lined Pipes Market Restraints
10 Research Finding and Conclusion
11 Methodology and Data Source
11.1 Methodology/Research Approach
11.1.1 Research Programs/Design
11.1.2 Market Size Estimation
11.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
11.2 Data Source
11.2.1 Secondary Sources
11.2.2 Primary Sources
11.3 Author List
11.4 Disclaimer
Contact US
QY RESEARCH, INC.
17890 CASTLETON STREET
SUITE 369, CITY OF INDUSTRY
CA - 91748, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
+1 626 539 9760 / +91 8669986909
ankit@qyresearch.com / enquiry@qyresearch.com
About Us:
QYResearch is a leading global market research and consulting company established in 2007. With over 16 years' experience and professional research team in various cities over the world QY Research focuses on management consulting, database and seminar services, IPO consulting, industry chain research and customized research to help our clients in providing non-linear revenue model and make them successful. We are globally recognized for our expansive portfolio of services, good corporate citizenship, and our strong commitment to sustainability.
This release was published on openPR.
Permanent link to this press release:
Copy
Please set a link in the press area of your homepage to this press release on openPR. openPR disclaims liability for any content contained in this release.
You can edit or delete your press release PU-Lined Pipes Market Gains Momentum in 2023: Market Trends and Growth Forecasts | Advanced Polymer Technology, Arex, Baytain, Beaver Process Equipment here
News-ID: 3274637 • Views: …
More Releases from QYResearch Inc.

Ultra-high Vacuum Electron Beam Evaporator (EBE) Market Forecast 2025-2031, Indu …
QY Research's latest publication, titled "Ultra-high Vacuum Electron Beam Evaporator (EBE) - Global Market Share and Ranking, Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2025-2031", offers an insightful take on the drivers and restraints present in the market. The research study on the global Ultra-high Vacuum Electron Beam Evaporator (EBE) market equips you with detailed and accurate analysis that will help you to strengthen your market position. It provides latest updates and…

Aluminum Plastic Recycling Equipment Market 2025, Global Demand Surge, Technolog …
QY Research's latest publication, titled "Aluminum Plastic Recycling Equipment - Global Market Share and Ranking, Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2025-2031", offers an insightful take on the drivers and restraints present in the market. The research study on the global Aluminum Plastic Recycling Equipment market equips you with detailed and accurate analysis that will help you to strengthen your market position. It provides latest updates and powerful insights about the…

Voltammeters Market 2025, Strategic Market Insights, Emerging Applications, and …
QY Research's latest publication, titled "Voltammeters - Global Market Share and Ranking, Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2025-2031", offers an insightful take on the drivers and restraints present in the market. The research study on the global Voltammeters market equips you with detailed and accurate analysis that will help you to strengthen your market position. It provides latest updates and powerful insights about the Voltammeters industry so you could improve…

Associative Polyurethane Rheology Additives Market Trends, Growth Rate, Key Comp …
QY Research's latest publication, titled "Associative Polyurethane Rheology Additives - Global Market Share and Ranking, Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2025-2031", offers an insightful take on the drivers and restraints present in the market. The research study on the global Associative Polyurethane Rheology Additives market equips you with detailed and accurate analysis that will help you to strengthen your market position. It provides latest updates and powerful insights about the…
More Releases for Pipe
Seamless casing pipe vs ERW casing pipe
Seamless steel casing pipes-casing made of seamless steel pipe as raw material
Seamless pipe refers to a steel pipe manufactured by four methods: hot rolling, cold rolling, hot drawing, and cold drawing. There is no weld seam on the pipe body itself.
ERW casing pipe-casing made of electric welded pipe as raw material
ERW pipe refers to a straight seam welded pipe manufactured through a high-frequency resistance welding process. The raw material steel…
Comparison of ERW Welded Pipe and Seamless Steel Pipe (tested by PetroChina Pipe …
1. Outer diameter tolerance
ERW steel pipe: It is cold-formed and sizing is completed by reducing the diameter by 0.6%. The process temperature is basically constant at room temperature. Therefore, the outer diameter is controlled accurately and the fluctuation range is small, which is helpful to eliminate black leather buckles.
Seamless steel tube: The hot-rolling forming process is used, and its sizing is completed at about 8000C. The raw material composition, cooling…
Conduit Pipe Market Bolstered by Emerging New Advancements, Says QYR | ABB, Nati …
LOS ANGELES, United States: The report is an all-inclusive research study of the global Conduit Pipe market taking into account the growth factors, recent trends, developments, opportunities, and competitive landscape. The market analysts and researchers have done extensive analysis of the global Conduit Pipe market with the help of research methodologies such as PESTLE and Porter’s Five Forces analysis. They have provided accurate and reliable market data and useful recommendations…
HDPE Pipes Market Current Trends and Detailed Study with Forecast to 2028 | Oil …
Global HDPE Pipes Market: Overview
The application of high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes has increased in industry like chemical, electronics, and gas distribution. As a result of this extensive application, the global HDPE pipes market is witnessing a substantial growth in the forecast period of 2018 to 2028. Moreover, the growing demand for HDPE pipes in drainage and sewerage industry is another factor that is responsible for the growth of…
Global HDPE 100 Pipe Market 2017 LESSO, Cangzhou Mingzhu, Junxing Pipe, Ginde Pi …
In this report, the global HDPE 100 Pipe market is valued at USD XX million in 2016 and is expected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2022, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2016 and 2022.
Global Market Report HDPE 100 Pipe Market Size, Status and Forecast 2022 provides Market information about Manufacturers, Countries, Type and Application.This HDPE 100 Pipe Industry report also states Company Profile, sales,…
Anti-corrosion Steel Pipe and Coating Steel Pipe
Anti-corrosion steel pipe refers to do anti-corruption treatment for the ordinary steel pipe with special technology, making the steel pipe equipped certain corrosion resistance.Generally used in waterproof, anti-rust, acid and alkali proof, anti-oxidation and so on.Different needs, different inside and outside wall corresponding anti-corrosion measures.Common are: epoxy coal tar anti-corrosion, anti-corrosion epoxy coatings, urethane paint anti-corrosion, IPN8710 water pipeline corrosion protection, non-toxic paint anti corrosion,anti-corrosion polymer coating, steel pipe lining…